HomeMy WebLinkAboutAGENDA REPORT 2013 0206 CCSA REG ITEM 08A ITEM 8.A.
City Council Meeting
of
MOORPARK CITY COUNCIL ACTION:
AGENDA REPORT
TO: Honorable City Council
FROM: John Brand, Senior Management Analyst
DATE: January 31, 2013 (CC Meeting of 2/06/2013)
SUBJECT: Consider Resolution Adopting the 2010 Ventura County Hazard
Mitigation Plan and the City of Moorpark 2013 Update to the
Mitigation Plan
SUMMARY
The Hazard Mitigation Plan is a multi-hazard plan that identifies hazards and their
effects on the community, and sets goals and specific actions to effectively mitigate
these hazards. The City's adoption of the 2010 Ventura County Hazard Mitigation Plan
and the City of Moorpark 2013 Update to the Plan will allow the City to apply to the
Federal Emergency Management Agency for pre-disaster and post-disaster grant
funding and maintains compliance with state and federal requirements for plan
maintenance.
Incorporation of the City's plan into the County of Ventura Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard
Mitigation Plan will provide significant operational efficiencies and economies of scale
for the City. The Ventura County Hazard Mitigation Plan includes Ventura County, the
cities of Camarillo, Ojai, Oxnard, Port Hueneme, Santa Paula, Thousand Oaks, San
Buenaventura, as well as the Calleguas Municipal Water District, Casitas Municipal
Water District, Channel Islands Beach Community Services District, Conejo Recreation
and Park District, Ojai Valley Sanitary District, United Water Conservation District,
Ventura County Fire Protection District, Ventura County Office of Education, and the
Ventura and County Watershed Protection District.
BACKGROUND
The Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000) amended the Federal Disaster Relief
and Emergency Assistance Act by requiring that local governments reduce risks from
natural hazards through mitigation planning and activities carried out in advance of
natural disasters. The general purpose of DMA 2000 was to reduce preventable,
repetitive disaster losses by encouraging states and local jurisdictions to plan more
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wisely through mitigation of natural hazards, vulnerability, and risk. The basic reason for
its passage was the growing volume and severity of preventable, repetitive losses from
natural disasters aggravated by the widespread problem of poorly planned local
development.
Pursuant to DMA 2000, a local agency must adopt a Hazard Mitigation Plan and update
it every five years to remain eligible for various pre and post disaster grants and
community assistance from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). A
Hazard Mitigation Plan is a planning document which assesses a local jurisdiction's
vulnerabilities to natural hazards and identifies mitigation strategies that the jurisdiction
can take before natural disasters occur in order to reduce the property damage and
injury that otherwise might result from such hazard events. It differs from an emergency
response plan in that it is proactive rather than reactive. The Hazard Mitigation Plan
must include mitigation strategies in a five—year implementation plan that the local
agency will strive to carry out.
DISCUSSION
The Hazard Mitigation Plan documents the mitigation planning effort (i.e. the process of
learning about hazards that affect the community, setting goals, identifying actions, and
applying a mitigation strategy). Implementation of the Plan can reduce long-term hazard
vulnerability and the cost of disasters to property owners and local government.
The hazards identified and profiled in the Plan were considered to be of paramount
importance within the City of Moorpark. The following hazards of concern, in order of
significance, were selected for evaluation in the mitigation plan:
Natural Hazards
• Earthquake
• Wildfire
• Flooding/Winter Storm
• Landslide/Mudslide
• Dam Failure
• Utility Failure
Mitigation Measures
Mitigation activities for each hazard include a range of options consistent with the six
broad categories of mitigation actions outlined in FEMA publication 386-3 "Developing
the Mitigation Plan: Identifying Mitigation Actions and Implementing Strategies."
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• Prevention: Government administrative or regulatory actions or processes that
influence the way land and buildings are developed and built. These actions also
include public activities to reduce hazard losses. Examples include planning and
zoning, building codes, capital improvement programs, open space preservation,
and storm water management regulations.
• Property Protection: Actions that involve modification of existing buildings or
structures to protect them from a hazard, or removal from the hazard area.
Examples include acquisition, elevation, relocation, structural retrofits, storm
shutters, and shatter-resistant glass.
• Public Education and Awareness: Actions to inform and educate citizens,
property owners, and elected officials about hazards and potential ways to
mitigate them. Such actions include outreach projects, real estate disclosure,
hazard information centers, and school-age and adult education programs.
• Natural Resource Protection: Actions that, in addition to minimizing hazard
losses, preserve or restore the functions of natural systems. Examples include
sediment and erosion control, stream corridor restoration, watershed
management, forest and vegetation management, and wetland restoration and
preservation.
• Emergency Services: Actions that protect people and property during and
immediately following a disaster or hazard event. Services include warning
systems, emergency response services, and protection of critical facilities.
• Structural Projects: Actions that involve the construction of structures to reduce
the impact of a hazard. Such structures include dams, levees, floodwalls,
retaining walls, and safe rooms.
Should the City not adopt the Plan update, then the City would not be eligible to apply
for FEMA grant assistance. Once the Plan is adopted, not only will the City be
compliant with the DMA 2000 requirement to update the Plan every five years, the City
will become eligible to apply for hazard mitigation funding from both the Pre-Disaster
Mitigation Grant Program (PDM) and the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP).
The PDM competitive grant program provides funds to State, Tribal, and local
governments for pre-disaster mitigation planning and projects primarily addressing
natural hazards. The HMGP provides grants to States and local governments to
implement long-term hazard mitigation measures after a major disaster declaration.
The mitigation measures in the proposed Hazard Mitigation Action Plan (Exhibit A,
Table 1-12) would be eligible for PDM funding, and reimbursement for emergency
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expenses and disaster recovery activity would be eligible for HMGP funds if the
proposed plan is approved. In the past the City received reimbursements for three
declared disasters that affected the City of Moorpark: $5,614 for the 2003 Simi Fire;
$27,785 for the 2005 Winter Storms; and $16,518 for the 2009 Guiberson Fire.
Public contact was made through posting of the agenda on the City's official notice
bulletin board, posting of the agenda on the City's web page, and availability of the
agenda and staff report in the City Clerk's office, and at the Moorpark City Library.
County wide Integration
In 2011, the County of Ventura Emergency Planning Council adopted 2010 Ventura
County Hazard Mitigation Plan that includes nine cities and nine special districts. Simi
Valley retains a stand-alone plan. There may be significant advantages to integrate the
City's plan into the county wide plan. As Council is aware, the bulk of our first
responder resources are provided by other agencies. Law enforcement services are
provided under contract with the Ventura County Sheriff's Department, and fire
protection services are provided by the Ventura County Fire Protection District.
Since none of the hazards likely to affect Moorpark are confined to the City itself,
integrating the City's mitigations with the rest of the county may make sense.
The Ventura County Hazard Mitigation Plan is structured as follows: Sections 1-9 cover
general information (introduction, statutory prerequisites, the planning process) followed
by Hazard Analysis, Vulnerability Analysis, Capability Assessment, Mitigation Strategy,
Plan Maintenance, and References. Each participating jurisdiction or agency has its
specific information in the Appendices. The City of Moorpark's information is Appendix
I, and attached as Exhibit A to the proposed Resolution. Included in the Critical
Facilities listed in Table 1-4 are water storage and transmission facilities of other
agencies that are critical to Moorpark, and not yet identified in the County Hazard
Mitigation Plan, such as the water wells, storage tanks, pump stations, and wastewater
treatment plant of the of Ventura County Waterworks District #1, and the new Calleguas
pump station on Spring Road. A copy of the full plan document is available for Council
review in Conference room reading file.
FISCAL IMPACT
Staff effort, and consideration of mitigation priorities during annual budget preparation,
including seeking competitive grant funding when available. In previous Fiscal Years,
approximately $12,000 has been spent in preparation of the Hazard Mitigation Plan. It
is anticipated that future updates if the Hazard mitigation Plan will be eligible for PDM
grant funding.
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STAFF RECOMMENDATION
1. Open the public hearing, accept public testimony and close the public hearing
2. Adopt Resolution No. 2013-
Attachment 1: Resolution
Exhibit A: 2013 City of Moorpark Hazard Mitigation Plan Update
Exhibit B: 2010 Ventura County Hazard Mitigation Plan Summary
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ATTACHMENT 1
RESOLUTION NO. 2013-
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF
MOORPARK, CALIFORNIA, ADOPTING THE VENTURA
COUNTY HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN AND THE CITY OF
MOORPARK UPDATE TO ITS PORTION OF THE LOCAL
HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN
WHEREAS, the City of Moorpark recognizes the threat that hazards pose to
people and property within our community; and
WHEREAS, undertaking hazard mitigation actions will reduce the potential for
harm to people and property from future hazard occurrences; and
WHEREAS, the City of Moorpark fully participated in the FEMA-prescribed
mitigation planning process to prepare this Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan; and
WHEREAS, the Ventura County Emergency Planning Council, and Emergency
Coordinators Council has updated the Hazard Mitigation Plan to advance better
mitigation planning and projects within the county; and
NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF MOORPARK
DOES HEREBY RESOLVE AS FOLLOWS:
SECTION 1. That the 2013 update to its City of Moorpark Hazard Mitigation
Plan included as an Exhibit "A" to this resolution, is approved.
SECTION 2. That the plan entitled "The Hazard Mitigation Plan for Ventura
County, California" is adopted by reference by the City Council as an updated regional
plan and a guidebook to a more disaster resistant community, and summarized in
Exhibit "B".
SECTION 3. That the City of Moorpark adopts, and adapts with this multi-
jurisdictional plan as its Local Hazard Mitigation Plan, subject to final language approval
by the City Manager.
SECTION 4. The City of Moorpark commits to continuing to take those actions
and initiating further actions, as appropriate, as identified in the City of Moorpark Local
Hazard Mitigation Plan for inclusion in the multi jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation
Plan.
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SECTION 5. The City Clerk shall certify to the adoption of the resolution and
shall cause a certified resolution to be filed in the book of original resolutions.
PASSED AND ADOPTED this 6th day of February, 2013.
Janice S. Parvin, Mayor
ATTEST:
Maureen Benson, City Clerk
Attachments:
Exhibit A: 2013 City of Moorpark Hazard Mitigation Plan Update
Exhibit B: 2010 Ventura County Hazard Mitigation Plan Summary
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Exhibit A
Appendix 1
ClIv of Moorpark
8
Table I-1. City of Moorpark,Total Population and Residential Buildings
Population Residential Buildings Total Residential Building Value
34,421 10,7381 $215,373,500
9
Appendix I
City of Moorpark
Table 1-2.Cltv of MoonDa rk,Total Critical Facilities and Infrastructure
CATEGORY DD.
City Government Arroyo Vista Recreation Center 4550 Tierra Rejada Rd,Moorpark,CA 93021 $ 3,598,577
City Government AVRC Well House No 1 4550 Tierra Rejada Rd,Moorpark,CA 93021 $ 76,668
City Government AVRC Weil House No 2 4550 Tierra Rejada Rd,Moorpark,CA 93021 $ 58,633
City Government Moorpark Civic Center(City Hall Library,Active Adult Center,and Community Center 699-799 Moorpark Avenue,Moorpark,CA 93021-1136 $ 6,003,338
City Government Public Services Facility(City Yard 629 Fitch Avenue,Moorpark,CA 93021-2061 $ 10,325,486
Social Services and Medical Clinic Ruben Castro Human Services Facility 612 Spring Road,Moorpark,CA 93021 $ 14,255,000
County Government Ventura County Road Maintenance Yard 1750 Walnut Canyon Road,Moorpark,CA 93021
County Government Ventura County Waterworks District No.1 6767 Spring Road,Moorpark,CA 93021
Emergency Response Police Services Center Police CHP Sher' 610 Spring Road,Moorpark,CA 93021-1278 $ 9,341,915
Public Utility Detention Basin Site No."1" above Valle Rd. 34.290313,-118.876716
Public Utility Detention Basin Site No."2" near Campus Drive 34.297235,-118.833876
Public Utility Detention Basin Walnut Canyon Meridian Hills 34.29638,-118.879361
Public Utility Moorpark Edison Company Substation 5027 Gabbert Road,Moorpark,CA 93021-1776
Public Utility Moorpark Waste Water Treatment Plant 9550 W.Los Angeles Avenue,Moorpark,CA 93021
Public Utility Fairview Water Reservoir Tank west 34.327188,-118.928354
Public Utility Stockton Water Reservoir Tank 34.321269,-118.923976
Public Utility Skyline Water Reservoir Tank 34.330519,-118.900781
Public Utility Fruitvale Water Reservoir 34.328685,-118.890529
Public Utility Fairview Water Reservoir Tank east 34.328659,-118.882627
Public Utility Palmer Water Reservoir Tank 34.307587,-118.884194
Public Utility Gabbert Road Water Reservoir Tank 34.29704,-118.903441
Public Utility Moorpark Yard Water Reservoir Tank 34.295268,-118.876534
Public Utility College Water Reservoir Tank#1 34.295658,-118.831258
Public Utility College Water Reservoir Tank#2 34.295374,-118.831344
Public Utility Grimes Canyon Road Water Reservoir Tank 34.288708,-118.92374
Public Utility Temez Water Reservoir Tank 34.261168,-118.919452
Public Utility Mountain Meadows Water Reservoir Tank#1 34.258912,-118.895084
Public Utility Mountain Meadows Water Reservoir Tank#2 34.259056,-118.894617
Public Utility Peach Hill Water Reservoir Tank 34.261091,-118.8784
Public Utility Miller Water Reservoir Tank#1 34.268101,-118.859662
Public Utility Miller Water Reservoir Tank#2 34.267838,-118.859909
Public Utility VCWWD#1 Pumping Stations(5) various
Public Utility Moorpark Pump Station 4764 Spring Road,Moorpark,CA 93021
State Government Caltrans Maintenance Yard 626 Fitch Avenue,Moorpark,CA 93021
Transportation Tierra Rejada Bridge S.R.23 At Tierra Rejada Road
Transportation Los Angeles Ave Underpass Bridge Los Angeles Ave/S.R.23,Moorpark,CA 93021
Transportation Princeton Avenue Bridge S.R.118 At Princeton Avenue
Transportation Collins Drive Bridge S.R.118 At Collins Drive
Transportation Moorpark Station-Metrolink/Amtrak 310 High Street,Moorpark,CA 93021
Transportation Spring Road Bride Spring Road at Arroyo Simi,Moorpark,CA 93021
Transportation State Route 23/188 Transition Bride S.R.23/118 at Arroyo Simi,Moorpark,CA 93021
Transportation Tierra Rejada Road Bride Tierra Rejada Road at Arroyo Simi,Moorpark,CA 93021
Transportation Transition Bridge 23-118 Moorpark,Moorpark,CA 93021
F-+ 1.2
CD
Table I-3. City of Moorpark, Vulnerable Population and Residential Buildings
Hazard Population Residential buildings Total Residential Building Value
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme 19,404 4,933 $1,141,828,807
Earthquake-Groundshaking High 12,007 3,631 $1,010,896,193
Earthquake-Groundshaking Moderate 0 0 $0
Flooding- 100 Year Flood Zone 6,464 1,386 $319,749,866
Flooding-500 Year Flood Zone 3,342 668 $160,327,877
Flooding-Dam Failure 12,544 2,906 $709,081,857
Flooding-Levee Failure 165 58 $17,257,908
Geological-Landslide 592 172 $43,697,657
Geological-Liquefaction 15,355 3,706 $849,635,544
Post-Fire Debris Flow 8 2 $506,246
Severe Winter Storm-Freeze Moderate 0 0 $0
Severe Winter Storm-Freeze Low 31,411 8,564 $2,152,725,000
Tsunami 0 0 $0
Wildfire-Very High 13,043 3,904 $959,770,765
Wildfire-High 4,360 1,225 $299,899,435
Wildfire-Moderate 3,362 840 $212,390,422
Appendix I
City of Moorpark
Table 1-4.City of Moo ark,Vulnerable Critical Facilities and Infrastructure
CATEGORY Hazard DD-
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme City Government Arro o Vista Recreation Center 4550 Tierra Rejada Rd,Moorpark,CA 93021 $ 3,598,577
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme City Government Moorpark City Hall and Community Center 799 Moorpark Avenue, Moorpark, CA 93021-1136 $ 6,003,338
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme City Government Public Services Facility(City Yard 629 Fitch Avenue, Moorpark,CA 93021-2061 $ 10,325,486
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme County Government Ventura County Road Maintenance Yard 1750 Walnut Canyon Road, Moorpark,CA 93021
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme County Government Ventura County Waterworks District No. 1 6767 Spring Road, Moorpark,CA 93021
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme Emergency Response Police Services Center Police CHP Sheriffl 610 Spring Road, Moorpark,CA 93021-1278 $ 9,341,915
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme Public Utility Detention Basin Site No."1" 34.290313,-118.876716
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme Public Utility Detention Basin Site No."2" 34.297235,-118.833876
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme Public Utility Moorpark Edison Company Substation 5027 Gabbert Road, Moorpark,CA 93021-1776
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme Public Utility Moorpark Waste Water Treatment Plant 9550 W. Los Angeles Avenue, Moorpark,CA 93021
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme State Government Caltrans Maintenance Yard 626 Fitch Avenue,Moorpark,CA 93021
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme Transportation Tierra Rejada Bridge S.R.23 At Tierrqa Rejada Road
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme Transportation Los Angeles Ave Underpass Bridge Los Angeles Ave/S.R.23, Moorpark,CA 93021
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme Transportation Princeton Avenue Bridge S.R. 118 At Princeton Avenue
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme Transportation Collins Drive Bridge S.R. 118 At Collins Drive
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme Transportation Moorpark Station—Metrolink/Amtrak 310 High Street,Moorpark,CA 93021
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme Transportation Spring Road Bride Spring Road at Arroyo Simi , Moorpark,CA 93021
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme Transportation State Route 23/188 Transition Bride S.R.23/118 at Arroyo Simi, Moorpark,CA 93021
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme Transportation Tierra Rejada Road Bride Tierra Rejada Road at Arroyo Simi,Moorpark,CA 93021
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme Transportation Transition Bridge 23-118 Moorpark, Moorpark,CA 93021
Flooding-500 Year Flood Zone City Government AVRC Well House No 1 4550 Tierra Rejada Rd, Moorpark,CA 93021 $ 76,668
Flooding-500 Year Flood Zone City Government AVRC Well House No 2 4550 Tierra Rejada Rd, Moorpark,CA 93021 $ 58,633
Flooding-500 Year Flood Zone Public Utility Moorpark Edison Company Substation 5027 Gabbert Road,Moorpark,CA 93021-1776
Flooding-Dam Failure City Government Arroyo Vista Recreation Center 4550 Tierra Rejada Rd, Moorpark,CA 93021 $ 3,598,577
Flooding-Dam Failure City Government Moorpark City Hall and Community Center 799 Moorpark Avenue, Moorpark,CA 93021-1136 $ 6,003,338
Flooding-Dam Failure City Government Public Services Facility(City Yard 629 Fitch Avenue, Moorpark,CA 93021-2061 $ 10,325,486
Flooding-Dam Failure Emergency Response Police Services Center Police CHP Sheriffl 610 Spring Road, Moorpark, CA 93021-1278 $ 9,341,915
Flooding-Dam Failure Public Utility Detention Basin Site No."1" 34.290313,-118.876716
Flooding-Dam Failure Public Utility Detention Basin Site No."2" 34.297235,-118.833876
Flooding-Dam Failure Public Utility Moorpark Edison Company Substation 5027 Gabbert Road,Moorpark,CA 93021-1776
Flooding-Dam Failure Public Utility Moorpark Waste Water Treatment Plant 9550 W. Los Angeles Avenue,Moorpark,CA 93021
Flooding-Dam Failure State Government Caltrans Maintenance Yard 626 Fitch Avenue, Moorpark, CA 93021
Flooding-Levee Failure Public Utility Detention Basin Site No. "2" 34.297235,-118.833876
Flooding-Levee Failure City Government Arroyo Vista Recreation Center 4550 Tierra Rejada Rd, Moorpark,CA 93021 $ 3,598,577
Flooding-Levee Failure City Government AVRC Well House No 1 4550 Tierra Rejada Rd, Moorpark,CA 93021 $ 76,668
Flooding-Levee Failure City Government AVRC Well House No 2 4550 Tierra Rejada Rd, Moorpark,CA 93021 $ 58,633
N
Appendix I
City of Moorpark
Table 1-4.CiN of Moorpark,Vulnerable Critical Facilities and Infrastructure
CATEGORY Hazard DD-
Geological-Liquefaction City Government Arroyo Vista Recreation Center 4550 Tierra Rejada Rd,Moorpark,CA 93021 $ 3,598,577
Geological-Liquefaction City Government Moorpark City Hall and Community Center 799 Moorpark Avenue, Moorpark,CA 93021-1136 $ 6,003,338
Geological-Liquefaction City Government Public Services Facility(City Yard 629 Fitch Avenue, Moorpark,CA 93021-2061 $ 10,325,486
Geological-Liquefaction Emergency Response Police Services Center Police CHP Sheri 610 Spring Road, Moorpark,CA 93021-1278 $ 9,341,915
Geological-Liquefaction Public Utility Detention Basin Site No."1" above Valle Rd. 34.290313,-118.876716
Geological-Liquefaction Public Utility Detention Basin Site No."2" near Campus Drive 34.297235,-118.833876
Geological-Liquefaction Public Utility Detention Basin Walnut Canyon Meridian Hills 34.29638,-118.879361
Geological-Liquefaction Public Utility Moorpark Edison Company Substation 5027 Gabbert Road, Moorpark,CA 93021-1776
Geological-Liquefaction Public Utility Moorpark Waste Water Treatment Plant 9550 W. Los Angeles Avenue, Moorpark,CA 93021
Geological-Liquefaction State Government Caltrans Maintenance.Yard 626 Fitch Avenue, Moorpark,CA 93021
Severe Winter Storm-Freeze Low Public Utility Moorpark Edison Company Substation 5027 Gabbert Road, Moorpark,CA 93021-1776
Severe Winter Storm-Freeze Low Public Utility Detention Basin Site No."1"
Wildfire-Very High City Government Moorpark City Hall and Community Center 799 Moorpark Avenue, Moorpark,CA 93021-1136 Is 6,003,338
Wildfire-Very High Public Utility I Moorpark Edison Company Substation 15027 Gabbert Road, Moorpark,CA 93021-1776
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W
Table I-5. City of Moorpark, Summary of Impacts for Population and Residential Buildings
Hazard Population %of Population No.of Residential Buildings %of Residential Buildings
Earthquake-Groundshaking Extreme 19,404 62% 4,933 58%
Earthquake-Groundshaking High 12,007 38% 3,631 42%
Earthquake-Groundshaking Moderate 0 0% 0 0%
Flooding- 100 Year Flood Zone 6,464 21% 1,386 16%
Flooding-500 Year Flood Zone 3,342 11% 668 8%
Flooding-Dam Failure 12,544 40% 2,906 34%
Flooding-Levee Failure 165 1% 58 1%
Geological-Landslide 592 2% 172 2%
Geological-Liquefaction 15,355 49% 3,706 43%
Post-Fire Debris Flow 8 0% 2 0%
Severe Winter Storm-Freeze Moderate 0 0% 0 0%
Severe Winter Storm-Freeze Low 31,411 100% 8,564 100%
Tsunami 0 0% 0 0%
Wildfire-Very High 13,043 42% 3,904 46%
Wildfire-High 4,360 1 14% 1,225 14%
Wildfire-Moderate 3,362 11% 840 10%
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Appendix I
City of Moorpark
Table 1-6. City of Moorpark, Vulnerable Critical Facilities and Infrastructure
Hazard . of Critical Facilities and Infrastructure % of Critical Facilities and Infrastructure
Earthquake - Groundshaking Extreme 20 40%
Earthquake - Groundshaking High 0 O%
Earthquake - Groundshaking Moderate 0 0%
Flooding - 100 Year Flood Zone 0 0%
Flooding - 500 Year Flood Zone 3 6%
Flooding - Dam Failure 9 18%
Flooding - Levee Failure 4 8%
Geological - Landslide 0 0%
Geological - Liquefaction 10 20%
Severe Winter Storm - Freeze Moderate 0 0%
Severe Winter Storm - Freeze Low 2 4%
Tsunami 0 0%
Wildfire - Very High 2 4%
Wildfire - High 0 0%
Wildfire - Moderate 0 polo
U1 1 -6
Table I-7. City of Moorpark, Human and Technical Resources for Hazard Mitigation
Staff/Personnel Resources Department or Agency Principal Activities Related to Hazard Mitigation
Develops and maintains the General Plan, including the
Safety Element.
Develops area plans based on the General Plan,to provide
more specific guidance for the development of more specific
areas.
Planner(s), engineer(s)and technical staff with City of Moorpark, Community Reviews private development projects and proposed capital
knowledge of land development, land management Development Department improvements projects and other physical projects involving
practices, and human-caused and natural hazards. property for consistency and conformity with the General
Plan.
Anticipates and acts on the need for new plans,policies,and
Code changes.
Applies the approved plans,policies,code provisions,and
other regulations to proposed land uses.
City of Moorpark,Community
Engineer(s),Building Inspectors/Code Development Department
Enforcement Officers or other professional(s)and Building& Safety Contract Services Oversees the effective,efficient,fair,and safe enforcement of
technical staff trained in construction requirements Charles Abbott&Associates the California Building Code
and practices related to existing and new buildings.
City of Moorpark,City Provides direct or contract civil,structural,and mechanical
Engineers, construction project managers,and Engineer/Public Works Department
supporting technical staff. engineering services, including contract,project,and
construction management.
City of Moorpark, City Maintains and operates of a wide range of local equipment
Engineer(s),project manager(s),technical staff, Engineer/Public Works Department and facilities as well as providing assistance to members of
equipment operators,and maintenance and County of Ventura,Water& the public.These include providing sufficient clean fresh
construction staff. Sanitation Department,VC water,reliable sewer services, street maintenance,storm
Waterworks District 1 drainage systems, street cleaning,street lights and traffic
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Table I-7. City of Moorpark, Human and Technical Resources for Hazard Mitigation
StafVPersonnel Resources Department or Agency Principal Activities Related to Hazard Mitigation
signals.
City of Moorpark, City Reviews and ensures that new development proposals do not
Engineer/Public Works Department, increase flood risk,and that new developments are not located
Floodplain Administrator below the 100 year flood level. In addition,the Floodplain
County of Ventura, Watershed Administrator is responsible for planning and managing flood
Protection District risk reduction projects throughout the local jurisdiction.
Maintains and updates the Emergency Operations Plan for the
City of Moorpark, Assistant City local jurisdiction. In addition,coordinates local response and
Emergency Manager Manager/Community Services relief activities within the Emergency Operation Center,and
Department,EOC Coordinator Forks closely with County,state,and federal partners to
support planning and training and to provide information and
coordinate assistance.
City of Moorpark, Deputy City Provides a full range of municipal financial services,
Procurement Services Manager Manager,Administration and administers several licensing measures,and functions as the
Finance Department local jurisdiction's Procurement Services Manager.
v
Table I-8. City of Moorpark, Financial Resources for Hazard Mitigation
Type Subtype Administrator Purpose Amount
General Fund City of Moorpark, Program operations and specific projects. Variable.
City Manager
GO Bonds are appropriately used for the
construction and/or acquisition of
General improvements to real property broadly
Obligation City of Moorpark, available to residents and visitors. Such Variable
(GO)Bonds Finance Department facilities include,but are not limited to,
libraries,hospitals,parks,public safety
facilities, and cultural and educational
facilities.
Lease revenue bonds are used to finance
Local capital projects that(1)have an identified
budgetary stream for repayment(e.g.,
Lease Revenue City of Moorpark, specified fees,tax receipts,etc.), (2)generate
Bonds Finance Department Project revenue but rely on a broader pledge Variable
of general fund revenues to reduce borrowing
costs,or(3)finance the acquisition and
installation of equipment for the local
jurisdiction's general governmental purposes.
Includes the use of local professionals,
business owners,residents,and civic groups
and trade associations,generally for the study
Public-Private City of Moorpark, of issues and the development of guidance
Project-specific.
Partnerships City Manager and recommendations.
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Table I-8. City of Moorpark, Financial Resources for Hazard Mitigation
Type Subtype Administrator Purpose Amount
Hazard Available to California communities after a
Federal Emergency Presidentially declared disaster has occurred in
Mitigation Management Supports pre-and and pr post-disaster mitigation California.Grant award based on specific
Grant Program Agency FEMA plans and projects.
(HMGP) g y( ) projects as they are identified by eligible
applicants.
Pre-Disaster Available on an annual basis as a nationally
Mitigation FEMA Supports pre-disaster mitigation plans and competitive grant.Grant award based on
Federal (PDM)grant projects. specific projects as they are identified(no more
program than$3M federal share for projects).
Flood Available on an annual basis,distributed to
Mitigation California communities by the California
Mitigates repetitively flooded structures and
Assistance FEMA Emergency Management Agency(Cal EMA).
(FMA)grant infrastructure. Grant award based on specific projects as they
program are identified.
Provides equipment,protective gear,
Assistance to Available to fire departments and nonaffiliated
Firefighters FEMA/USFA(U.S. emergency vehicles,training, and other emergency medical services providers.Grant
Fire resources needed to protect the public and
Grant(AFG) awards based on specific projects as they are
Program Administration) emergency personnel from fire and related identified.
hazards.
Community Acquisition of real property,relocation and
Block Grant U.S.HUD(U.S. demolition,rehabilitation of residential and
cont
Federal
non-residential structures, construction of
Program Department of Available to entitled cities. Grant award based
(cont) Entitlement Housing and Urban public facilities and improvements,such as on specific projects as they are identified.
Communities Development) water and sewer facilities, streets,
Grants neighborhood centers,and the conversion of
school buildings for eligible purposes.
Community U.S.Environmental Through financial and technical assistance
Action for a Protection Agency offers an innovative way for a community to Competitive grant program. Grant award based
Renewed (EPA) organize and take action to reduce toxic on specific projects as they are identified.
Environment ollution(i.e., stormwater)in its local
N
Table I-8. City of Moorpark, Financial Resources for Hazard Mitigation
Type Subtype Administrator Purpose Amount
(CARE) environment. Through CARE, a community
creates a partnership that implements
solutions to reduce releases of toxic pollutants
and minimize people's exposure to them.
The CWSRF is a loan program that provides
low-cost financing to eligible entities within CWSRF programs provided more than$5
Clean Water state and tribal lands for water quality billion annually to fund water quality protection
State Revolving PA projects,including all types of non-point
g source,watershed protection or restoration, Projects for wastewater treatment,non-point
Fund(CWSRF) estuary management projects, and more source pollution control,and watershed and
traditional municipal wastewater treatment estuary management.
projects.
Public Health Department of Funds are intended to upgrade state and local
Emergency Health and Human Competitive grant program. Grant award based
Preparedness Services' HHS' Public health jurisdictions preparedness and
P ( ) response to bioterrorism, outbreaks of on specific projects as they are identified.
(PHEP) Centers for Disease infectious diseases,and other public health Madera would participate through the County's
Cooperative Control and threats and emergencies. Public Health Department.
Agreement. Prevention(CDC)
Federal(cont) Homeland
Security Build and sustain preparedness technical Technical assistance services developed and
Preparedness assistance activities in support of the four delivered to state and local homeland security
Technical FEMA/DHS homeland security mission areas(prevention, personnel. Grant award based on specific
Assistance protection,response,recovery)and homeland projects as they are identified.
Program security program management.
(HSPTAP)
N
O
Table I-9. City of Moorpark, Legal and Regulatory Resources for Hazard Mitigation
Mitigation, Affects
Regulatory Hazards Preparedness, Development
Tool Name Description(Effect on Hazard Mitigation) Addressed Response,or in Hazard
Recover Areas?
Seismic,
Geologic,
General Plan: Safety Describes hazard areas and regulates current and future Flooding and Mitigation& Yes
Element(2001-2005) development based on known hazard areas. inundation,Fire, Preparedness
and Hazardous
Materials
Describes what the local jurisdictions' actions will be Seismic,
during a response to an emergency. Includes annexes that Hazardous
describe in more detail the actions required of the local Materials,
jurisdiction's departments/agencies.Further,this plan Flooding,
Plans Multihazard Functional describes the role of the Emergency Operation Center Inundation(dam
Plan(2004) (EOC)and the coordination that occurs between the EOC failure),Fire, Response No
and the local jurisdiction's departments and other Transportation Incident,Civil
response agencies.Finally,this plan describes how the unrest,Terrorism,
EOC serves as the focal point among local, state,and Geologic
federal governments in times of disaster. (landslide)
Describes measures that the local jurisdiction will take to
Stormwater Quality minimize stormwater pollution.The SWQMP is required Mitigation&
Management Program by the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Stormwater Yes
(SWQMP)(2006) Phase II regulations,which became effective in March Preparedness
2003.
N
N
Table I-9. City of Moorpark,Legal and Regulatory Resources for Hazard Mitigation
Mitigation, Affects
Regulatory Hazards Preparedness, Development
Tool Name Description(Effect on Hazard Mitigation) Addressed Response,or in Hazard
Recover Areas?
The purpose of this code is to establish the minimum Flood,seismic
requirements to safeguard the public health,safety,and earthquake,fire,
general welfare through structural strength,means of traffic,vehicle,
egress facilities,stability,access to persons with animals Mitigation,
Policies Code of Ordinances disabilities, sanitation,adequate lighting and ventilation industrial, Preparedness, Yes
and energy conservation, and safety to life and property nuisances,safety and Response
from fire and other hazards attributed to the built hazards,
environment;to regulate and control the demolition of all
buildings and structures,and for related purposes.
N
N
Table I-10. City of Moorpark Current, Ongoing, and Completed Hazard Mitigation Projects and Programs
Status
Current,Ongoing,or Completed) Project/Program Name Description Year(s)
Community Emergency Response Up to two 20-hour CERT classes and one refresher
Team(CERT)Training to prepare drill conducted each year. Periodic tips distributed,
Ongoing residents to help themselves and their
g g neighbors before,during,and after and activation of CERT to support fire and public 2006-current
emergencies such earthquakes, safety operations during the Guiberson Fire in 2009
fires,and floods. and the Amgen Bike Run in 2011
Distribute emergency preparedness Prepared 22-page Emergency Preparedness
information via newsletter,website, Handbook and distrusted approx. 10,000 copies to
Completed,Ongoing special events,and refuse bills. every household and business in Moorpark. 2010-current,possible
Periodic preparedness tips in quarterly newsletters, update in 2015
and on city TV channel.
The emergency operations plan clearly and
concisely describes a jurisdiction's emergency
organization, its means of coordination with other
jurisdictions, and its approach to protecting people
and property from disasters and emergencies caused
by any of the hazards to which the community is
particularly vulnerable. It assigns functional
Update the 20004 Multihazard responsibilities to the elements of the emergency
P Emergency Operations
Completed,Current Functional Plan with an Emergency organization, and details tasks to be carried out at
g Y Plan update to be
Operations Plan times and places projected as accurately as
p permitted by the nature of each situation addressed. completed in 2013
Emergency operations plans are multi-hazard,
functional plans that treat emergency management
activities generically.They have a basic section that
provides generally applicable information without
reference to any particular hazard.They also
address the unique aspects of individual disasters in
hazard-specific appendixes.
N
W
Table I-10. City of Moorpark Current, Ongoing, and Completed Hazard Mitigation Projects and Programs
Status
Current,Ongoing,or Completed) Project/Program Name Description Year(s)
SEMS/NIMS-INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM
(ICS)is the model tool for command,control,and
SEMS/NIMS ICS.Train City coordination of a response and provides a means to
employees in Standardized coordinate the efforts of individual agencies as they
Ongoing Emergency Management System work toward the common goal of stabilizing the
g g (SEMS),the National Incident incident and protecting life,property,and the 2006-current
Management.System(NIMS), and the environment."Incident Command System"uses
Incident Command System(ICS) principles that have been proven to improve
efficiency and effectiveness in a business setting
and applies the principles to emergency response.
Los Angeles Avenue Widening at Spring Road-
Preparing plans to widen Los Angeles Avenue
Current Los Angeles Avenue Widening. between Spring Road and Moorpark Avenue to On going
provide total of six travel lanes,as well as curbs,
gutters,and sidewalks
Realignment and Reconstruction of Flinn Avenue-
Realigned and reconstructed Flinn Avenue at
Completed Realignment and Reconstruction of Second Street,and installed traffic signal at new 2006
Flinn Avenue four-way intersection.
Spring Road Widening-Prepared plans to widen
Completed Spring Road Widening-. east side of Spring Road between Flinn Avenue and 2012
point south of Los Angeles Avenue to provide bike
lanes and raised landscaped median.
The Public Services Facility(City Maintenance
Yard)located at 627 Fitch Avenue houses the
Completed Public Services Facility City's Public Works,Parks and Facilities 2007
Maintenance,and Vector/Animal Control staff.
Consolidating these operations in one location
N
Table I-10. City of Moorpark Current, Ongoing, and Completed Hazard Mitigation Projects and Programs
Status
Current,Ongoing,or Completed) Project/Program Name Description Year(s)
allows for better communication and workflow. I tis
also adjacent to the Caltrans maintenance yard,the
Police Services Center,Reuben Castro Human
Services Center,and the county's contract
ambulance provider.
Construction of a 72"diameter water main through
the City. The pipe will run under Los Angeles
Avenue from the westerly City limits to Spring
Road,then south along Spring Road, and under the
Completed Water Main Project(Calleguas Arroyo to a pump station southeast of the Spring 2010
Municipal Water District)- Road Bridge. This project connects the District's
facilities east of the City to its underground water
storage facilities west of the City near Grimes
Canyon Road.
N
Ln
Table I-12. City of Moorpark Mitigation Action Plan
Potential Responsible Potential
Prioritization Facility to Department Funding Implementation
Number Description Numbers 1-5 Mitigate or Agency Sources Timeframe
Integrate the LHMP, in particular the hazard
analysis and mitigation strategy sections, Community
Development, PDM and
2 into local planning documents,including 1,3,4,5 All facilities 1 year
Emergency HMGP
general plans,emergency operations plans, management
and capital improvement plans.
Work with FEMA Region IX to address any
floodplain management issues that may have 1 Public Works PDM and
8 arisen/arise from the DFIRM,Community ,2,3,4 Unknown &Engineering HMGP 3 years
Assessment Visits,and/or DWR.
Increase participation in the NFIP by
entering the Community Rating System
program which through enhanced floodplain Public Works PDM and
9 management activities would allow property 1,2,3,4,5 Unknown &Engineering HMGP 3 years
owners to receive a discount on their flood
insurance
Manage vegetation in areas within and Parks and
adjacent to rights-of-way and in close Landscape
proximity to critical facilities in order to 2 Maintenance PDM and
11 reduce the risk of tree failure and property ,3,4,5 Various and HMGP 3 years
damage and avoid creation of wind Community
acceleration corridors within vegetated areas. Development
N
i
Ilk
ip
0 - .
r'
i
Ventura County Hazard Mitigation Plan
Ventura County Final Draft October 2010
City of Camarillo
City of Moorpark
City of Ojai
City of Oxnard
City of Port Hueneme
City of Santa Paula
Co of Thousand Oaks
City of Ventura
Calleguas Municipal Water District
Casitas Municipal Water District
Channel Islands Beach Community Services District
Conejo Recreation and Park District
Ojai Valley Sanitary District
united Water Conservation District UM
`lentura County Fire Protection District
Ventura County Office of Education
/?ntura Co!!n*'/Water hPd PrntP 7ion District. Al
TABLE N CBNTENTS
Section1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Overview.................................................................................................. 1-1
1.2 Hazard Mitigation Planning..................................................................... 1-1
1.3 Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 .............................................................. 1-1
1.4 Grant Programs With Mitigation Plan Requirements.............................. 1-2
1.4.1 Stafford Act Grant Programs....................................................... 1-2
1.4.2 National Flood Insurance Act Grant Programs............................ 1-2
1.5 Local Participants..................................................................................... 1-3
1.6 Community Description........................................................................... 1-4
1.6.1 County of Ventura........................................................................ 1-4
1.6.2 Participating Cities...........................................................
1.6.3 Participating Special Districts...................................................... 1-8
1.7 Description of the Hazard Mitigation Plan............................................ 1-10
1.7.1 Section 2: Prerequisites.............................................................. 1-10
1.7.2 Section 3: Planning Process....................................................... 1-10
1.7.3 Section 4: Hazard Analysis........................................................ 1-10
1.7.4 Section 5: Vulnerability Analysis.............................................. 1-10
1.7.5 Section 6: Capability Assessment.............................................. 1-10
1.7.6 Section 7: Mitigation Strategy................................................... 1-11
1.7.7 Section 8: Plan Maintenance...................................................... 1-11
1.7.8 Section 9: References................................................................. 1-11
Section2 Prerequisites...................................................................................................................2-1
Section3 Planning Process...........................................................................................................3-1
3.1 Planning Process Documentation Overview............................................3-1
3.2 Initial Planning Process, 2004-2005................................................... 3-1
3.3 Plan Update Process, 2010.......................................................................3-2
3.4 Public Outreach and Stakeholder Involvement........................................3-5
3.4.1 Meetings.......................................................................................3-5
3.4.2 Media Announcements................................................................3-5
3.4.3 Website........................................................................................3-6
3.5 Incorporation of Existing Plans and Other Relevant Information...........3-6
Section4 Hazard Analysis..............................................................................................................4-1
4.1 Hazard Analysis Overview......................................................................4-1
4.2 Hazard Identification and Screening........................................................4-1
4.3 Hazard Profiles.........................................................................................4-3
4.3.1 Agricultural Biological Hazards..................................................4-4
4.3.2 Earthquake...................................................................................4-7
4.3.3 Flooding: Riverine and Coastal .................................................4-11
4.3.4 Flooding: Dam Failure...............................................................4-16
4.3.5 Flooding: Levee Failure.............................................................4-20
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
4.3.6 Geological..................................................................................4-21
4.3.7 Post-Fire Debris Flow................................................................4-24
4.3.8 Severe Winter Storm..................................................................4-30
4.3.9 Tsunami......................................................................................4-31
4.3.10 Wildfire......................................................................................4-33
Section Vulnerability Analysis....................................................................................................5-1
5.1 Vulnerability Analysis Overview............................................................5-1
5.2 Asset Inventory........................................................................................5-1
5.3 Methodology............................................................................................5-2
5.4 Data Limitations.......................................................................................5-3
5.5 Exposure Analysis...................................................................................5-3
5.6 RL Properties...........................................................................................5-4
5.7 Summary of Impacts................................................................................5-5
Section 6 Capability Assessment..................................................................................................6-1
6.1 Capability Assessment Overview............................................................6-1
6.2 Calema Capability Assessment Recommendations.................................6-1
Section 7 Mitigation Strategy.........................................................................................................7-1
7.1 Mitigation Strategy Overview..................................................................7-1
7.2 Mitigation Goals......................................................................................7-1
7.3 Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Actions...................................7-2
7.4 Implementation of Mitigation Actions.....................................................7-7
7.5 Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Actions:NFIP
Compliance..............................................................................................7-7
Section8 Plan Maintenance...........................................................................................................8-1
8.1 Plan Maintenance Overview....................................................................8-1
8.2 Monitoring, Evaluating and Updating the Plan.......................................8-1
8.3 Implementation Through Existing Planning Mechanisms.......................8-3
8.4 Continued Public Involvement................................................................8-4
Section 9 References......................................................................................................................9-1
Tables
3-1 Planning Committee
3-2 Summary of Initial Update Findings
4-1 Ventura County Hazard Screening
4-2 Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale
RD MITIGPTIGN PUNNING-ALL CLIENTS\CPLIFO0.NI�HMPS\VENTIIRA COUNTY OES HMP ZO10 UPO�TE\UPGRTED VERSION TO DELNER TO CLIENT 10.151ORAFT VENTURA COUNTY HMP MNN BODY 10�10_CIOC1 I I
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
4-3 Date of Initially Mapped FIRM and Emergency/Regular Program Entrance Date into
NFIP for Ventura County and Cities
4-4 State-Size Dams Operated by Ventura County Watershed Protection District
4-5 State-Size Dams Not Operated by the Ventura County Watershed Protection District
4-6 Non-State-Size Dams and Basins in Ventura County
4-7 Summary of Debris and Detention Basin Data for Facilities Owned by the Ventura
County Watershed Protection District
4-8 Past Tsunami Run-Ups in Ventura County
4-9 Ventura County Fires of Over 1,000 Acres, 1953-2009
7-1 Mitigation Goals
7-2. Potential Mitigation Actions
Figures
C-1 Diversity and Location of Crops Produced in Ventura County
C-2 Regional Faults and Earthquake Groundshaking Hazard Areas
C-3 Flood Hazard Area: Riverine and Coastal
C-4 Flood Hazard Area: Dam Failure
C-5 Flood Hazard Area: Levee Failure
C-6 Geologic Hazard Area: Landslide and Liquefaction
C-7 Post-Fire Debris Flow Hazard Areas
C-8 Post-Fire Debris Flow Hazard Areas
C-9 Post-Fire Debris Flow Hazard Areas
C-10 Tsunami Hazard Areas
C-11 Wildland Fire Hazard Areas
C-12 Population
C-13 Residential Buildings(Census Blocks)
C-14 Critical Facilities and Infrastructure
C-15 Repetitive Loss Properties
Appendices
A FEMA Compliance Documents
B Adoption Resolutions
C Figures
D Planning Committee
�R�MITIGATION PUNNING-/LLI GIIENTS\LILLIFORNIR MMPS\VENTURA COUNTY OES HMP 3010 UPDATE\UPORTED VERSION TO DELIVERTO CLIENT l0.15DRPFT VENTURNGOUNTY MMP MAIN BOOV_100]10.00C\111
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TABLE®F c®MM
E Public Outreach and Stakeholder Involvement
F Plan Maintenance
G Ventura County
H City of Camarillo
I City of Moorpark
J City of Ojai
K City of Oxnard
L City of Port Hueneme
M City of Santa Paula
N City of Thousand Oaks
O City of Ventura
P Calleguas Municipal Water District
Q Casitas Municipal Water District
R Channel Islands Beach Community Services District
S Conejo Recreation and Park District
T Ojai Valley Sanitary District
U United Water Conservation District
V Ventura County Fire Protection District
W Ventura County Office of Education
X Ventura County Watershed Protection District
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acronyms and Abbreviations
2010 HMP Ventura County 2010 Hazard Mitigation Plan
CalEMA California Emergency Management Agency
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
cfs cubic feet per second
CGS California Geological Survey
County Ventura County
CRS Community Rating System
DFIRM Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map
DMA 2000 Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000
DSOD California Division of Safety of Dams
ECC Emergency Coordinators' Council
FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency
FIRM Flood Insurance Rate Map
FMA Flood Mitigation Assistance
GIS Geographic Information System
HLB Huanglongbing(bacterial disease affecting citrus trees)
HMGP Hazard Mitigation Grant Program
M moment magnitude
MMI Modified Mercalli Intensity
NCDC National Climatic Data Center
NFIP National Flood Insurance Program
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
OES Office of Emergency Services
PAL Provisionally Accredited Levee
PDM Pre-Disaster Mitigation(Program)
PGA peak ground acceleration
RFCP Repetitive Flood Claims Program
RL repetitive loss
SRL severe repetitive loss
Stafford Act Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act of 1988
USC United States Code
VCOE Ventura County Office of Education
VCWPD Ventura County Watershed Protection District
RD MITIGATION PUNNING-ALL CIIENTSICALIFORNIq HMPS\VEHTURA GOUNTV DES HMP]010 UPDATE\UPDATED VERSION TO DELIVE0.10 CLIENT 10.i5DRAFf VENTURA COUNTY HMP_MAIN BODV_10010.DOC\ Y
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SECTI®NONE lMducnon
This section provides a brief overview of the topic, an introduction to hazard mitigation
planning, and a brief description of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, grant programs with
mitigation plan requirements, local participants, and the 2010 Hazard Mitigation Plan.
1.1 OVERVIEW
Ventura County(the County)has developed this Hazard Mitigation Plan(hereinafter referred to
as the 2010 HMP)to assess risks posed by natural and human-caused hazards and to develop a
mitigation strategy for reducing the County's risks. The County has prepared the 2010 HMP in
accordance with the requirements of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000). The
Ventura County Sheriff's Office of Emergency Services(OES), in conjunction with the Ventura
County Watershed Protection District(VCWPD), has coordinated the preparation of the 2010
HMP in cooperation with cities and special districts. The 2010 HMP replaces the HMP that the
County prepared in 2005 (URS 2005).
1.2 HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING
As defined in Title 44 of the Code of Federal Regulations(CFR), Subpart M, Section 206.401,
hazard mitigation is"any action taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to human life and
property from natural hazards."As such, hazard mitigation is any work to minimize the impacts
of any type of hazard event before it occurs. Hazard mitigation aims to reduce losses from future
disasters. It is a process in which hazards are identified and profiled,the people and facilities at
risk are analyzed,and mitigation actions to reduce or eliminate hazard risk are developed. The
implementation of the mitigation actions,which include short-and long-term strategies that may
involve planning,policy changes,programs, projects, and other activities, is the end result of this
process.
1.3 DISASTER MITIGATION ACT OF 2000'
In recent years, local hazard mitigation planning has been driven by DMA 2000. On October 30,
2000, Congress passed the DMA 2000(Public Law 106-390), which amended the Robert T.
Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act of 1988(Stafford Act)(Title 42 of the
United States Code [USC] Section 5121 et seq.) by repealing the act's previous mitigation
planning section(409)and replacing it with a new mitigation planning section(322). This new
section emphasizes the need for state,tribal, and local entities to closely coordinate mitigation
planning and implementation efforts. This new section also provides the legal basis for the
Federal Emergency Management Agency's(FEMA's)mitigation plan requirements for
mitigation grant assistance.
To implement these planning requirements,FEMA published an Interim Final Rule in the
Federal Register on February 26, 2002 (44 CFR Part 201). The local mitigation planning
requirements are identified in their appropriate sections throughout this 2010 HMP and in the
FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Crosswalk in Appendix A. In addition,this HMP addresses
the Community Rating System(CRS) 10-step planning process requirements. The compliance
requirements for CRS are identified in Activity Worksheet 510, which is located in Appendix A.
DMITIGATION PLANNING-rLLL Ol1ENTS1GA11FORNIR HMPS\VENTURM COUNTY OES NMP 2010 UPDATEIUPOATED VERSION TO DELNER TOCLIENT l0.15pRRFf VENNftRCOVNTY XMP_4MN BOOY_10p110.00L I-1
34
SEMINONE Ilmducdon
1.4 GRANT.PROGRAMS-WITH MITIGATION PLAN REQUIREMENTS
Currently, five FEMA grant programs are available to participating jurisdictions that have
FEMA-approved HMPs and are members of the National Flood Insurance Program(NFIP). Two
of the grant programs are authorized under the Stafford Act and DMA 2000, and the remaining
three are authorized under the National Flood Insurance Act and the Bunning-Bereuter-
Blumenauer Flood Insurance Reform Act.
1.4.1 Stafford Act Grant Programs
• Hazard Mitigation Grant Program. The Hazard Mitigation Grant Program(HMGP)
provides grants to state, local, and tribal entities to implement long-term hazard mitigation
measures after declaration of a major disaster. The purpose of the HMGP is to reduce the loss
of life and property due to natural disasters and enable mitigation measures to be
implemented during the immediate recovery from a disaster. Projects must provide a long-
term solution to a problem(for example, elevation of a home to reduce the risk of flood
damage rather than buying sandbags and pumps to fight the flood). Also, a project's potential
savings must be more than the cost of implementing the project. Funds may be used to
protect either public or private property or to purchase property that has been subjected to, or
is in danger of, repetitive damage. The amount of funding available for the HMGP under a
particular disaster declaration is limited. Under the program,the Federal government may
provide a state or tribe with up to 20 percent of the total disaster grants awarded by FEMA
and may provide up to 75 percent of the cost of projects approved under the program.
• Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program. The Pre-Disaster Mitigation(PDM) Program provides
funds to state, local, and tribal entities for hazard mitigation planning and the implementation
of mitigation projects before a disaster. PDM grants are awarded on a nationally competitive
basis. Like HMGP funding,the potential savings of a PDM project must be more than the
cost of implementing the project,and funds may be used to protect either public or private
property or to purchase property that has been subjected to, or is in danger of, repetitive
damage. The total amount of PDM funding available is appropriated by Congress on an
annual basis. The cost-sharing for this grant is 75 percent Federal and 25 percent
non-Federal, although cost-sharing of 90 percent Federal and 10 percent non-Federal is
available in certain situations.
Since the completion of the 2005 HMP, Ventura County and other local participants of the
2005 HMP have submitted nine PDM grant applications. FEMA determined that five of the
projects were not eligible and four of the projects were eligible. As of September 2010,the
status of the eligible grants is not clear, but it does appear that they have been funded. The
PDM grants for the four eligible projects range from $114,000 to $2.8 million.
1.4.2 National Flood Insurance Act Grant Programs
• Flood Mitigation Assistance(FMA) Grant Program. The goal of the FMA Grant Program
is to reduce or eliminate flood insurance claims under the NFIP. This program places
particular emphasis on mitigating repetitive loss (RL)properties. The primary source of
funding for this program is the National Flood Insurance Fund. Grant funding is available for
three types of grants: planning,project, and technical assistance. Project grants, which use
�OMITIGRTION PUNNING-AFL CUENTS\CRLIFO.....PSW 1............. 1-2
35
SEUMNONE lMduclion
the majority of the program's total funding, are awarded to local entities to apply mitigation
measures to reduce flood losses to properties insured under the NFIP. Cost-sharing for this
grant is 75 percent Federal and 25 percent non-Federal,though cost-sharing of 90 percent
Federal and 10 percent non-Federal is available in certain situations to mitigate severe
repetitive loss(SRL)properties. Information about RL properties in Ventura County is
provided in Section 5.6.
Since the completion the 2005 HMP, Ventura County and other 2005 HMP local participants
have applied for three FMA grants. One project application was withdrawn, one was denied,
and the third, submitted by the Ojai Valley Sanitary District in 2007 for trunk sewer
relocation, is still open.
• Repetitive Flood Claims Program.The Repetitive Flood Claims Program(RFCP)provides
funding to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk of flood damage to residential and non-
residential structures insured under the NFIP. Structures considered for mitigation must have
had one or more claim payments for flood damages. All Repetitive Flood Claims Program
grants are eligible for up to 100 percent Federal assistance.
• Severe Repetitive Loss Program.The SRL Program provides funding to reduce or
eliminate the long-term risk of flood damage to residential structures insured under the NFIP.
Structures considered for mitigation must have had at least four NFIP claim payments over
$5,000 each,when at least two such claims have occurred within any 10-year period,and the
cumulative amount of such claim payments exceeds$20,000; or for which at least two
separate claims payments have been made, with the cumulative amount of the building
portion of such claims exceeding the value of the property,when two such claims have
occurred within any 10-year period. The cost-sharing ratio for this grant is 75 percent Federal
and 25 percent non-Federal. Information about SRL properties in Ventura County is provided
in Section 5.6.
1.5 LOCAL PARTICIPANTS
The participating jurisdictions and special districts, referred to in this plan as local participants,
are listed below.
• Ventura County
• City of Camarillo
• City of Moorpark
• City of Ojai
• City of Oxnard
• City of Port Hueneme
• City of Santa Paula
• City of Thousand Oaks
• City of Ventura
• Calleguas Municipal Water District
OMITIGATION PWNNING.ALL CIlENT51GALIFORNVI HMPR\VENTURA COUNTY OES HMP 1010 UPDATE\UPOATEO VERSION TO DELIVER TO CLIENT 10.15\DRAFT VENT......NTV HMP_MAIN ROOM 100]10.DOC 1-2
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SEMONONE Introduction
• Casitas Municipal Water District
• Channel Islands Beach Community Services District
• Conejo Recreation and Park District
• Ojai Valley Sanitary District
• United Water Conservation District
• Ventura County Fire Protection District
• Ventura County Office of Education, on behalf of the following school districts: Briggs
Elementary School District, California State University, Channel Islands, Conejo Valley
Unified School District, Fillmore Unified School District, Hueneme School District,Mesa
Union School District, Moorpark Unified School District, Moorpark Unified School District,
Mupu Elementary School District, Oak Park Unified School District,Ocean View School
District, Ojai Unified School District, Oxnard Elementary School District,Pleasant Valley
School District, Rio School District, Santa Clara Elementary School District, Santa Paula
Union High School, Simi Valley Unified School District, Somis Union School District,
Ventura County Community College District and Ventura Unified School District.
• Ventura County Watershed Protection District
The following cities and special districts participated in the 2005 HMP, but did not participate in
this 2010 HMP:
• City of Fillmore
• Camrosa Water District
1.6 COMMUNITY DESCRIPTION
1.6.1 County of Ventura
Ventura County,one of 58 counties in the state, is located on southern California's Pacific coast,
just northwest of Los Angeles. Ventura County is bordered by Kern County to the north; Santa
Barbara County and the Pacific Ocean to the northwest and southwest, respectively; and Los
Angeles County to the east and southeast. Ventura County stretches across 2,208 square miles, of
which 1,845 square miles is land and 363 square miles is water. Anacapa Island of the Channel
Islands National Park and San Nicholas Island are located within Ventura County. The county
seat is the City of Ventura.
Ventura County consists of 10 cities and a number of unincorporated communities. The majority
of the county's population resides within the cities. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, and
using the Population Estimates Program which produces July 1 estimates for years after the last
published decennial census (2000)the Ventura County has a population of 802,983, representing
a 6.6 percent increase from 2000. The county has 274,062 housing units. The racial makeup of
the county is 87.1 percent White, 2.2 percent Black, 1.3 percent Native American, 6.7 percent
Asian, 0.3 percent Pacific Islander and 2.4 percent from two or more races. Over 38 percent of
the population is Hispanic or Latino.
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SEMINONE Introduction
In the county,the age breakdown of the population is as follows: 26.1 percent under 18 (7.5
percent of whom are under 5), 62.1 percent from 18 to 64, and 11.8 percent 65 years of age or
older.
1.6.1.1 Economy
Ventura County has a wide and strong economic base with most industries represented. The
county's economy was dominated by agriculture in the early part of its history,and later by oil
production. However, in recent years, Ventura's economy has seen increasing job growth in
technology-related fields such as biotechnology, computer software,and multimedia.
Services,retail trade, government, and manufacturing account for approximately 70 percent of
employment in Ventura. Some cities have also become closely aligned with particular industries.
For example, Oxnard is known for its manufacturers and farm production. Health care has a
major presence in the Thousand Oaks area. Camarillo is at the heart of what has been dubbed the
Highway 101 Tech Corridor, attracting companies that produce everything from silicon chips
and consumer electronics components to solar power systems. Simi Valley and Moorpark also
have a growing high-tech presence. Agriculture remains important along the coastal Oxnard
Plain and interior Santa Clara River Valley communities of Santa Paula,Fillmore,and Piru. The
county's agricultural output exceeds $1 billion annually, with the county boasting the state's
highest crop revenue-per-acre for the multiple years.
With several hotels and attractions at or near the beaches and harbors in Ventura and Oxnard,
tourism is important to west Ventura County's economy. Both cities are popular weekend
destinations for visitors from the Central Valley and Los Angeles areas.
Companies in the region also take advantage of the nearby Port Hueneme,the smallest and only
deep-water port between San Francisco and Los Angeles. The port and surrounding city are
important locations for receiving automobiles and bananas from overseas and shipping local
citrus to Asian markets. In addition,the U.S.Navy and other military units have large facilities at
the port and nearby Point Mugu.
1.6.1.2 Employment
Ventura County's diversified economic base is reflected in its employment patterns. Of the
411,554 people making up Ventura County's labor force as of 2008, approximately 11.3 percent
were employed in manufacturing; 17.3 percent in educational services,and health care and social
assistance;and 9.1 percent finance and insurance. The largest employer in the county, however,
is the naval base,which provides over 19,000 jobs.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau,the median household income was $76,190 in 2008. The
per capita income for the county is $24,600, but has not been adjusted since 1999.
Approximately 8.7 percent of the population is below the poverty line.
1.6.1.3 Physical Features
Ventura County is located along California's Gold Coast(between Santa Barbara and Los
Angeles), including 43 miles of coastline. The highest point in the county, Mount Pinos, is 8,831
feet above sea level. The county has six microclimates with varying weather patterns, but the
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SELMONONE Introduction
climate is generally Mediterranean with an average annual temperature of 74.2 degrees
Fahrenheit.
1.6.1.4 Infrastructure
Transportation
Ventura County has a well-developed multimodal transportation system, although most travel is
concentrated along key highways and arterial streets. Several highways bisect the county,
including 1, 23, 33, 10I, 118, 126,and 150.
There are a variety of local bus systems that serve Ventura County, Gold Coast Transit and the
Ventura Intercity Service Transit Authority being the most comprehensive systems. Ventura
County also offers a dial-a-ride service, available to seniors and disabled persons.
Ventura offers both the level topography and mild climate to support an extensive bikeway
system. However,the system is only beginning to connect throughout the various communities
within the county. Existing pedestrian facilities consist of sidewalks, off-street paths shared with
bicyclists and other users, neighborhood and park path systems,pedestrian plazas, and river-to-
river shoreline bike and pedestrian pathways.
Metrolink provides commuter train service that connects Ventura County with Los Angeles and
other areas in Southern California. At present,there are three Metrolink runs Monday to Friday
to accommodate the Ventura to Los Angeles commute. Two Amtrak routes stop in Ventura
County: the Pacific Surfliner,which connects San Luis Obispo to San Diego, and the Coast
Starlight, which connects Seattle to Los Angeles. Union Pacific trains run through the county
daily,providing freight service out of Los Angeles.
Utilities
Southern California Gas Company provides gas service to the 10 cities and the surrounding
unincorporated areas of Ventura County._ Southern California Edison(listed under Edison
International)provides electricity service.
Telephone and cable services are provided by Verizon and SBC Pacific Bell to incorporated and
unincorporated areas throughout the county.
Special districts, cities, and private water companies provide water service in the county.
1.6.2 Participating Cities
Ventura County has 10 cities, eight of which participated in the preparation of this Plan. Using
the most up-to-date information provided by the U.S. Census Bureau,these cities and key
aspects of their socioeconomic and demographic qualities are described below.
1.6.2.1 City of Camarillo
Camarillo had an estimated population of 62,489 in 2006, with 21,946 housing units in the City.
The City has a total area of 19 square miles. The median income for a household in the City is
$62,457 and the per capita income for the City is $28,635.Approximately 5.3 percent of the
population is below the poverty line (1999 data, U.S. Census Bureau).
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SEUMNONE Introduction
1.6.2.2 City of Moorpark
Moorpark had an estimated population of 34,421, with 10,738 housing units. The City has a total
area of 12.4 square miles. The median income for a household in the City is $103,009, and the
per capita income for the City is $36,375. About 3.9 percent of the population is below the
poverty line(2010 data, U.S. Census Bureau).
1.6.2.3 City of Ojai
The City of Ojai had a total population of 7,862, making it one of the smallest cities in the
county. The City of Ojai is situated in the Ojai Valley,which is approximately 10 miles long and
3 miles wide and is surrounded by hills and mountains. The City has a total area of 4.4 mil. The
City is approximately 15 miles inland. The median income for a household in the City is
$44,593, and the per capita income for the City is $25,670. Approximately 10.7 percent of the
population is below the poverty line(U.S. Census Bureau 2000).
1.6.2.4 City of Oxnard
As of 2006, Oxnard had an estimated population of 184,463,with 45,166 housing units. The City
has a total area of 36.6 mil, 25.3 miz of which is land and 11.3 mil of which is water. The median
income for a household in the City is $48,603 and the per capita income for the City is $15,288.
An estimated 15.1 percent of the population lives below the poverty line.
1.6.2.5 City of Port Hueneme
Port Hueneme is a charter City located in Ventura County. As of the 2008,the City had a total
population of 23,687. Port Hueneme has a total area of 4.7 miz, 4.4 mil of which is land and 0.2
miz of which is water. There are 8,074 households in the City as of 2008. The average household
size is 2.86 people, and the average family size is 3.42 people. The median income for a
household in the City is$52,183, and the per capita income for the City is $22,262. An estimated
12.6 percent of the population is below the poverty line.
1.6.2.6 City of Santa Paula
Santa Paula had an estimated total population of 28,531 in 2006, with 8,341 housing units. The
City has a total area of 4.6 miz. The median income for a household in the City is$41,651, and
the per capita income for the City is$15,736. An estimated 14.7 percent of the population is
below the poverty line.
1.6.2.7 City of Thousand Oaks
Thousand Oaks had an estimated total population of 124,207 in 2006, with 42,958 housing units.
The City has a total area of 54.0 miz. The median income for a household in the City is $76,815,
and the per capita income for the City is $35,314. An estimated 5.0 percent of the population is
below the poverty line.
O 1-7
40
SECTI®NONE Introduction
1.6.28 City of Ventura
San Buenaventura(Ventura) is the county seat of Ventura County. In 2006 the estimated
population was 104,092,with 39,803 housing units. The City has a total area of 32.7 mil,21.1
mil of which is land and 11.6 mil of which is water. The median income for a household in the
City is $52,298 and the per capita income for the City is $25,065. An estimated 9.0 percent of the
population is below the poverty line.
1.6.3 Participating Special Districts
As noted previously, half of the participating communities are special districts. Information
about each district is described as follows.
1.6.3.1 Calleguas Municipal Water District
The Calleguas Municipal Water District was formed in 1953. In 1960,the District joined the
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California as a way of securing water from the state
water system. In 1965,the District completed Lake Bard. The 2005 state-of-the-art treatment
plant for Lake Bard treats 65 million gallons of water a day.
Communities served include the cities of Oxnard, Port Hueneme, Camarillo, Thousand Oaks,
Moorpark, Simi Valley, and the unincorporated areas of Oak Park, Santa Rosa Valley, Bell
Canyon, Lake Sherwood, Somis, Camarillo Estates, Camarillo Heights and Naval Base Ventura
County. The district serves an area of approximately 365 square miles and approximately 75
percent of Ventura County's population.
1.6.3.2 Casitas Municipal Water District
The Casitas Municipal Water District was formed in 1952. In 1956, the Ventura River Project
was authorized by Congress,which included the Robles Diversion facility on the Ventura River,
the Robles Canal, and the Casitas Dam.
Currently,the district supplies water to 60,000 to 70,000 people in western Ventura County and
to hundreds of farms. The district boundaries encompass the City of Ojai, Upper Ojai, the
Ventura River Valley area,the City of Ventura to Mills Road and the Rincon and beach area to
the ocean and Santa Barbara County line. The district is governed by a five member board of
directors.
1.6.3.3 Ojai Valley Sanitary District
The Ojai Valley Sanitary District was established in 1985 as the result of a consolidation of the
Ventura Avenue, Oak View, and Meiners Oaks sanitary districts and the Sanitation Department
of the City of Ojai. The district provides sanitary sewer service for about 20,000 residents of the
City of Ojai and the unincorporated Ojai Valley. It collects and transports wastewater for
treatment at the Ojai Valley Treatment Plant and disposes of effluent and sludge.
The district is a public agency organized under the Sanitary District Act of 1923 and is governed
by an elected seven-member board. The district's collection system consists of approximately
120 miles of trunk and main sewer lines. Q
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SECTIONONE lMducfion
1.6.3.4 United Water Conservation District
Local landowners formed the Santa Clara River Water Conservation District in 1927.As cities
and agricultural areas grew, water usage increased rapidly. By 1950,the district was reorganized
and renamed the United Water Conservation District. The district constructed the Santa Felicia
Dam,three spreading grounds,and distribution facilities, all of which were urgently needed to
combat seawater intrusion.
The United Water Conservation District is governed by seven directors, one elected from each of
the seven district divisions. The district administers a"basin management"program for the Santa
Clara Valley and Oxnard Plain that uses the surface flow of the Santa Clara River and its
tributaries for replenishment of groundwater. Facilities include Santa Felicia Dam; Lake Piru
Recreation Area;the Piru, Saticoy, and El Rio spreading grounds; the Pleasant Valley Pipeline
and Reservoirs; the Oxnard-Hueneme Pipeline, Pumping Plant, and Pumping Trough Pipeline;
and other facilities.
1.6.3.5 Ventura County Fire Protection District
In 1928,the Ventura County Fire Protection District was formed to provide fire protection to the
county, with the exception of the four established cities. Since that time, six additional cities
have become incorporated. Today,the Ventura County Fire Protection District acts as the
Ventura County Fire Department in the unincorporated areas of the county and as the City fire
department for six cities (Camarillo, Moorpark, Ojai, Port Hueneme, Thousand Oaks,and Simi
Valley).
1.6.3.6 Ventura County Office of Education
Ventura County is comprised of 20 K-12 school districts. The Ventura County Office of
Education(VCOE)provides facility planning, construction, and maintenance to the school
districts. VCOE also operates specialized schools in the county. For the 2010 HMP,the VCOE
will represent all of 20 K-12 school districts within Ventura County as well as the Ventura
County Community College District.
1.6.3.7 Ventura County Watershed Protection District
The VCWPD is a dependent district governed by the county board of supervisors. Formerly
known as the Ventura County Flood Control District, the VCWPD was renamed in 2002. The
district is the responsible sponsoring local agency for Federal flood control projects throughout
the county. The VCWPD also serves as the principal co-permittee and manages the
implementation of the Ventura Countywide Stormwater Quality Management Program under the
municipal National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(NPDES)permit for urban
stormwater runoff discharges in Ventura County. The entire county, except for the islands of
Anacapa and San Nicholas, is within the district's sphere of influence and boundaries.
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SECHONONE lmduction
1.7 DESCRIPTION OF THE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN
The remainder of this HMP consists of the sections described below.
1.7.1 Section 2: Prerequisites
Section 2 addresses the adoption of the 2010 HMP by the local participants.The adoption
resolutions are provided in Appendix B.
1.7.2 Section 3: Planning Process
Section 3 describes the planning process. Specifically,this section describes the plan
development process and identifies members of the Planning Committee, including a description
of the meetings held as part of the planning process(relevant documents are attached in
Appendix D). This section also documents public outreach and stakeholder involvement
activities(relevant documents are attached in Appendix E)and discusses the review and
incorporation of relevant plans,reports, and other appropriate information.
1.7.3 Section 4: Hazard Analysis
Section 4 describes the process through which the Planning Committee identified,screened, and
selected the hazards to be profiled in the 2010 HMP. The hazard analysis includes the nature,
history, location, extent, and probability of future events for each hazard. Location and historical
hazard figures are provided in Appendix C.
1.7.4 Section 5: Vulnerability Analysis
Section 5 identifies the methodology for analyzing potentially vulnerable assets—population,
residential building stock, RL and SRL properties, and critical facilities and infrastructure. This
information was compiled by assessing the potential impacts from each hazard using Geographic
Information System(GIS)data. The resulting information identifies the full range of hazards that
each plan participant could face and the potential social impacts, damages,and economic losses.
The results of the analysis are provided in each local-participant-specific appendix(Appendix G
through Appendix X).
1.7.5 Section 6: Capability Assessment
Section 6 describes the capability assessment for hazard mitigation planning for each local
participant based on the capability assessment recommendations of the California Emergency
Management Agency (CalEMA). Local-participant-specific capability assessments are provided
in each local-participant-specific appendix(Appendix G through Appendix X).
In each of these appendices,the capability assessment evaluates the human and technical,
financial,and legal and regulatory resources available for hazard mitigation for each
participating jurisdiction. The results of the capability assessment in each appendix also list
current, ongoing, and completed mitigation projects and programs for each plan participant.
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SECHONONE �ntroducdon
1.7.6 Section 7: Mitigation Strategy
Section 7 provides a blueprint for reducing the potential losses identified in the vulnerability
analysis. The Planning Committee,with support from URS Corporation(URS), reviewed
mitigation projects identified in the 2005 HMP and revised the existing list to include only the
most relevant and fundable mitigation projects. Through a re-evaluation and re-prioritization
process described in this section, each plan participant selected high-priority projects to include
in his/her updated mitigation action plan.
1.7.7 Section 8: Plan Maintenance
Section 8 describes the formal plan maintenance process to ensure that the 2010 HMP remains
an active and applicable document. The process includes monitoring, evaluating,and updating
the plan(relevant documents are attached in Appendix F); monitoring mitigation projects and
closeout procedures (relevant documents attached in Appendix F); implementing the plan
through existing planning mechanisms; and achieving continued public involvement.
1.7.8 Section 9: References
Section 9 lists the sources used to develop this document.
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SEMONTWO Prereuuisites
The requirements for the adoption of this 2010 PIMP by the participating local governing bodies,
as stipulated in the DMA 2000 and its implementing regulations,are described below.
DMA 2000 REQUIREMENTS:PREREQUISITES
Adoption by the Local Governing Body
Requirement§201.6(c)(5): (The local hazard mitigation plan shall include]documentation that the plan has been
formally adopted by the governing body of the jurisdiction requesting approval of the plan(e.g.,City Council,
County Commissioner,Tribal Council).For multi jurisdictional plans,each jurisdiction requesting approval of the
plan must document that it has formally adopted the plan.
Element
■ Does the new or updated plan indicate the specific jurisdictions represented in the plan?
■ For each jurisdiction,has the local governing body adopted the new or updated plan?
■ Is supporting documentation,such as a resolution,included for each participating jurisdiction?
Source:FEMA 2008.
Ventura County;the cities of Camarillo, Moorpark, Ojai, Oxnard,Port Hueneme, Santa Paula,
Thousand Oaks, and Ventura;and the participating special districts of Calleguas Water District,
Casitas Municipal Water District, Channel Islands Beach Community Services District, Conejo
Recreation and Park District, Ojai Valley Sanitary District, United Water Conservation District,
Ventura County Fire Protection District, Ventura County Office of Education,and Ventura
County Watershed Protection District are the local participants represented in this HMP and
meet the requirements of Section 409 of the Stafford Act and Section 322 of the DMA 2000.
Each local participant's governing body has adopted this 2010 HMP by resolution. A scanned
copy of each resolution is included in Appendix B,Adoption Resolutions.
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SECTI®NTHREE Planning Process
3.1 PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION OVERVIEW
This section summarizes the original planning efforts; details how the plan was updated and who
was involved in this process; documents public outreach and stakeholder involvement efforts;
and summarizes the review and incorporation of existing plans, studies,and reports used to
update the HMP.Additional information regarding the meetings and public outreach efforts is
discussed below and provided in more detail in Appendix D and Appendix E.
The requirements for the planning process, as stipulated in DMA 2000 and its implementing
regulations, are described below.
DMA 2000 REQUIREMENTS: PLANNING PROCESS
Documentation of the Planning Process
Requirement§201.6(b):In order to develop a more comprehensive approach to reducing the effects of natural
disasters,the planning process shall include:
(1) An opportunity for the public to comment on the plan during the drafting stage and prior to plan approval;
(2) An opportunity for neighboring communities,local and regional agencies involved in hazard mitigation
activities,and agencies that have the authority to regulate development,as well as businesses,academia and
other private and non-profit interests to be involved in the planning process;and
(3) Review and incorporation,if appropriate,of existing plans,studies,reports,and technical information.
Requirement§201.6(c)(1): [The plan shall document]the planning process used to develop the plan,including how
it was prepared,who was involved in the process,and how the public was involved.
Element
• Does the new or updated plan provide a narrative description of the process followed to prepare the plan?
• Does the new or updated plan indicate who was involved in the current planning process?(For example,who
led the development at the staff level and were there any external contributors such as contractors?Who
participated on the plan committee,provided information,reviewed drafts,etc.?)
• Does the new or updated plan indicate how the public was involved?(Was the public provided an opportunity
to comment on the plan during the drafting stage and prior to the plan approval?)
• Does the new or updated plan indicate that an opportunity was given for neighboring communities,agencies,
businesses,academia,nonprofits,and other interested parties to be involved in the planning process?
• Does the updated plan document how the planning team reviewed and analyzed each section of the plan?
• Does the planning process describe the review and incorporation,if appropriate,of existing plans,studies,
reports,and technical information?
• Does the updated plan indicate for each section whether or not it was revised as part of the update process?
Source:FEMA 2008.
3.2 INITIAL PLANNING PROCESS, 2004-2005
As noted previously,the initial basis for this plan was 2005 HMP. This plan was prepared by
Ventura County,the Local Hazard Mitigation Group, which consisted of members of the Inter-
Agency Coordination Group, including fire chiefs/officials, emergency managers, safety
coordinators,planners, and other officials and staff from 34 local participants including the
Ventura county, cities,and special districts, and URS Corporation. The 2005 HMP development
occurred from June 2004 to January 2005. The 2005 HMP was adopted by the Ventura County.
Board of Supervisors on June 7, 2005.
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SEMINTHREE Planning Process
3.3 PLAN UPDATE PROCESS, 2010
In April 2010,during the fifth year of the 2005 HMP,the Ventura County OES kicked off the
update process. The Ventura County OES determined that the standing Emergency Coordinators'
Council (ECC) included almost all of the relevant stakeholders. The ECC consists of local
emergency managers from the County, cities,and special districts as well as non-governmental
agencies,military,private sector, and special districts that have been delegated the authority of
local government emergency services directors or City Managers.
For special districts not represented in the ECC, Ventura County OES extended an invitation to
participate on the ECC for the purposes of updating the HMP.
Table 3-1.Planning Committee
Department or Agency Name
Sheriffs Department OES Laura D.Hernandez
Sheriffs Department OES Gil Zavlodaver
VCWPD Norma Camacho
VCWPD Sergio Vargas
VCWPD Bruce Rindahl
VCWPD Phil Raba
VCWPD Brian Trushinski
Channel Islands Beach Community Services District Jared Bouchard
City of Camarillo Bruce Fen
City of Camarillo John Fraser
City of Moorpark John Brand
City of Ojai Chris Dunn
City of Oxnard Deborah Omalia
City of Port Hueneme Maggie Federico
City of Santa Paula Steve Lazenby
City of Thousand Oaks Angela Wolf
City of Ventura Brian Clark
Briggs Elementary School District Deborah Cuevas
Califomia State University,Channel Island John M Reid
California State University,Channel Island Jeff Cow ill
Calle uas Municipal Water District Bruce Fischer
Camrosa Water District Tony Stafford
Camrosa Water District MJ Mitchell
Casitas Muni.Water District Neil Cole
Cone'o Recreation&Park District Matt Kouba
Cone'o Valley Unified School District John Baarstad
Fillmore Unified School District Jeff Sweeney
Hueneme School District Dr.Gerald Dannenber
Mesa Union School District John Pu lisi
Moorpark Unified School District Ellen Smith
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SERIONTHREE Planning Process
Table 3-1. Planning Committee
Department or Agency Name
Mu u Elementary School District Jeanine Gore
Oak Park Unified School District Tony Knight
Ocean View School District Nancy Carroll
Ojai Unified School District Henry Ban ser
Ojai Valley Sanitaiy District John Correa
Oxnard Elementary School District Mary Gonzalez
Oxnard Elementary School District Norma Ma ana
Oxnard Union High School District Bob Carter
Oxnard Union High School District Vickory Steinman
Rio School District Sherinne Cotterell
Rio School District Kevin Mitchell
Santa Clara Elementary School District Kari Skidmore
Santa Paula Elementary School District Winston A Braham
Santa Paula Union High School District Dr.David A Gomez
Simi Valley Unified School District Dr. Scroggin
Somis Union School District Mary H Mckee
United Water Conservation District Jim Kentosh
Ventura County Community College District Susan Johnson
Ventura County Community College District Richard DeLao
Ventura County Fire Protection Vaughan Miller
Ventura County Fire Protection Dave Chovanec
Ventura County Office of Education Stan Mantooth
Ventura County Office of Education Poul Hanson
Ventura County Office of Education Russ Olsen
Ventura Co.Sheriff Dept/Ojai Chris Dunn
Ventura Unified School District Dr Trudy Arria a
VCWPD=Ventura County Watershed Protection District
A consultant, URS Corporation, also attended and facilitated meetings with the Planning
Committee, and coordinated numerous activities to create the 2010 HMP. On May 20, 2010
Ventura County OES held the first Planning Committee meeting to begin the plan update
process. As shown in Appendix D,the consultant and Ventura County OES Points-of-Contact
Laura Hernandez and Gil Zavlodaver familiarized the Planning Committee with the DMA 2000,
the plan update process,the plan outline, and the plan schedule. The Planning Committee also
assessed a matrix of hazards which illustrates which hazards were addressed in the following
plans: 2005 HMP, 2005 General Plan, draft 2010 State of California Multi Hazard Mitigation
Plan as well as state and Presidentially declared disasters within Ventura County. Using this
information, the Planning Committee developed a preliminary list of hazards to be profiled in the
new plan. During this meeting, the consultant asked that each member of the Planning
Committee review a copy of the 2005 HMP(which was posted on the Website for the 2010
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SECRINTHREE Manning Process
PIMP)with staff from other relevant departments and agencies from his/her jurisdiction and
email the consultant with any proposed changes to be made to the updated plan.
During the second meeting, held on July 17, 2010 the consultant presented the Planning
Committee with the draft hazard profiles and maps and summarized the initial update findings
(Table 3-2). The consultant also discussed the next steps, creating an asset inventory and
developing capability assessment, and explained the involvement needed by the stakeholders. As
follow up to the meeting,the Planning Committee members were emailed an electronic template
for the capability assessment and were provided a draft list of assets/critical facilities within
his/her jurisdiction/special district. Each Planning Committee member was asked to complete the
capability assessment on behalf of his/her jurisdiction/special district and review the asset/critical
facility list for accuracy and completion.
Table 3-2. Summary of Initial Update Findings
2005 HMP Actions to Take
Prerequisites Adopt the 2010 HMP by each local participant's governing body
Background Rename as"Community Description"section
Update demo ra hic information
Planning Process Create new Planning Committee
Documentation Determine new hazards to be profiled and assets to be analyzed
Develop a public outreach and stakeholder strategy
Incorporate other existing relevant plans and reports into 2010 HMP
Document entire plan update process
Risk Assessment Rename as"Hazards Analysis"and"Vulnerability Analysis"sections.
Update hazards and assets,per discussion at Planning Team meeting#1 and
subsequent emails
Update hazards profiled in the 2005 HMP.Utilize various hazard data sources to
determine recent historical events,new hazard areas,and new subhazards
Update the asset lists to include only local and public critical facilities and
infrastructure
Include RL properties in vulnerability analysis
Conduct vulnerability analysis,using updated asset and hazard information,
interpret analysis,and discuss new findings
Meet with the Planning Team to discuss vulnerability analysis findings
Remap hazard areas and asset locations in GIS
Mitigation Strategy Rename as"Mitigation Strategy"section
Develop a"Capability Assessment"section
Review and document all local legal and regulatory,administrative and technical,
and financial resources available for hazard mitigation
Meet with the Planning Team to determine if the 2005 HMP goals are still
relevant
Revise the list of mitigation actions in the 2005 HMP to be more mitigation-
focused(rather than focused on response,recovery,and preparedness)
Develop a new mitigation action evaluation/prioritization process
Determine the mitigation action plan for selected mitigation actions
Plan Maintenance Rename as"Plan Maintenance"section
Create a more realistic Planning Team monitoring and evaluation process
Identify how elements from the HMP will be implemented into other planning
mechanisms
GIS=Geographic Information System
LIMP=Hazard Mitigation Plan
RL=repetitive loss
OMITGRTION PUNNING-ALL CLIENTS\CALIFORNIq MMPS\VENTURRCOUNTY OEB HMP2O1OUPoATE\UPDNTED VERSION TO DELIVER TO CUENT 1O.151OMFT VENTURACOUNTV HMP MPIN BOGY 100]lO.DOC 3-4
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SELMINTHREE Planning Process
On August 19, 2010 a third Planning Committee meeting was held via conference call to discuss
the development of the mitigation strategy and the completion of the Mitigation Strategy
Workbook. Two days prior each committee member received a workbook,designed to
accomplish the following: familiarize the participant with eligible and ineligible FEMA
mitigation actions;provide a list of potential mitigation actions for the participant to review and
add additional mitigation actions, if necessary; and to select and prioritize mitigation actions to
be included in each local participant's mitigation action plan. Over a two week period, each
Planning Committee member worked with staff from other relevant departments and agencies
from his/her jurisdiction to develop or update their mitigation action plan.
On September 24, 2010 the consultant prepared the Initial Draft 2010 IMP for the Planning
Committee to review. Over a two week period,the Planning Committee provided comments to
the consultant and the consultant addressed, as necessary. On October 15, 2010 the consultant
prepared the Final Draft 2010 HMP for a two week public comment period. During this time,
Ventura County OES sent the draft to CaIEMA and FEMA for a courtesy review.
Copies of the agenda and meeting minutes for each of the three Planning Committee meetings
are provided Appendix D.
3.4 PUBLIC OUTREACH AND STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT
3.4.1 Meetings
During the planning process, Ventura County OES and the consultant attended two Ventura
County Emergency Planning Council meeting to discuss the 2010 HMP. The Ventura County
Emergency Planning Council is an advisory body whose mission is to lead a unified effort in
improving disaster preparedness, mitigation, response and recovery countywide. These efforts
are achieved through a partnership of cooperation and collaboration with all levels of
government, non-government and the private sector. 2010 Emergency Planning Council
members include representatives from Ventura County OES, VCFPD,American Red Cross of
Ventura County, Ventura County Voluntary Organizations Active in Disasters, Ventura County
Economic Development Agency, and the California Air National Guard,to name a few. The
Ventura County Emergency Planning Council meetings are open to the public and the details for
each meeting(including time, date, location,and agenda)are posted on the county Website. At
the July 30,2010 meeting the consultant gave a presentation on the 2010 HMP and discussed
progress to date, including hazard-specific maps, and answered any questions and comments
about the update process. At the October 22, 2010 meeting the consultant gave a presentation on
the Final Draft 201014MP and discussed the CalEMA and FEMA courtesy review and upcoming
plan adoption process.
Copies of the agenda and meeting minutes for the July 30, 2010 EPC meeting and a copy of the
agenda for the October 22, 2010 are provided in Appendix E.
3.4.2 Media Announcements
Ventura County OES issued a media release announcing the kick-off of the 2010 IMP update
process. The media release also provided the 2010 HMP Website link and contact information
should further information be desired. Ventura County OES also announced the 2010 HMP via
DMITIGATION PUNNING-ALL CLIENTS\CPLIFORNIA HMPSIVENTURA COUNTY OEB HMP 2010 DPDTEIUPDRTED VERSgN TO DELNER TO CLIENT 10.151ORRFT VENTURA OOVNTV HMP_MAIN BODY_ 710.D 3-5
52
SECHONTHREE Planning Process
Twitter on August 6, 2010 and an announcement was published in the Thousand Oaks Acorn on
August 19,2010.
Copies of the media release, Twitter announcement, and Thousand Oaks Acorn article are
provided in Appendix E.
3.4.3 Website
As noted above, Ventura County OES re-launched the County's HMP Website,which was first
used during the development of the 2005 HMP. For the 2010 HMP,the Website provided
information about disasters in Ventura County,the DMA 2000, HMP update requirements,and
the planning process overview. In addition, Ventura County OES posted hazard maps as they
were completed and provided copy of the Final Draft online for review and comment. The 2010
HMP Website is located at
http://portal.countyofventura.org/portal/page/portal/cov/emergencies/mitigation/plan.A snapshot
of the 2010 IMP Website is provided in Appendix E.
3.5 INCORPORATION OF EXISTING PLANS AND OTHER RELEVANT
INFORMATION
During the plan update process, the consultant and Planning Committee reviewed hazard and
mitigation information from other relevant existing plans, studies, and reports into the 2010
HMP. Based on feedback from the Planning Committee, the consultant incorporated relevant
information into the 2010 HMP as warranted. The local and State plans integrated into this
document are listed below. A complete list of the sources consulted is provided in Section 9.
• Ventura County Community Wildfire Protection Plan(Ojai Valley Fire Safe Council 2010):
The Community Wildfire Protection plan provided hazard information and mitigation
strategies to be used in the 2010 HMP wildfire hazard profile and for wildfire mitigation
strategies.
• Ventura County General Plan(2005): The goals and policies in this document provided
guidance for the mitigation strategies identified in the 2010 HMP. The hazards identified
provided supplementary information for the hazard profiles.
• Ventura County Building Codes: These codes regulate new construction and major
remodels/additions;they were used to develop the capability assessment.
• Draft State of California Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan(2010): This plan, prepared by
CalEMA, was consulted to ensure that the hazard profiles and mitigation strategy in the 2010
HMP are consistent with state hazard profiles and the state's mitigation strategy.
DMITIGNTION PUNNING-RLLC4ENTS1CAlIFORNIA NMPS\VENTURA COUNN OES NMP]O10 UPORTEWPOATEO VERSION TO OELNER TO OUENT 10.151DMFT..........Y NMP_MAIN BOOY_iW]10.DOC 3-6
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SECTIBNFOUR N=rd Analysis
4.1 HAZARD ANALYSIS OVERVIEW
A hazard analysis includes the identification and screening of each hazard and then the profiling
of each hazard. The hazard analysis includes natural,human-caused, and technological hazards.
Natural hazards result from unexpected or uncontrollable natural events of significant size and
destructive power. Human-caused hazards result from human activity and include technological
hazards. Technological hazards are generally accidental or result from events with unintended
consequences(for example, an accidental hazardous materials release).
Per the local mitigation planning requirements, this hazard analysis consists of the following two
steps:
• Hazard identification and screening
• Hazard profiles
4.2 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND SCREENING
The requirements for hazard identification, as stipulated in DMA 2000 and its implementing
regulations, are described below.
DMA 2000 Requirements: Risk Assessment—Identifying Hazards
Requirement 44 CFR§201.6(c)(2)(i): [The risk assessment shall include a]description of the type of all natural
hazards that can affect the jurisdiction.
Element
■ Does the new or updated plan include a description of all of the types of all natural hazards that affect the
jurisdiction?
Source:FEMA 2008.
As the first step in the hazard analysis,the ECC reviewed the list of hazards presented in
Table 4-1 and the following questions:
• Is the hazard included in the 2005 HMP?
• Is the hazard included in the 2005 Ventura County General.Plan?
• Is the hazard included in the Draft 2010 State of California Multi-HMP?
• Has the hazard occurred in Ventura County and been declared a Presidential or State
emergency or disaster in the past 40 years?
The results of the screening are presented in Table 4-1.
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SECII®NFOUR NUM ARBINIS
Table 4-1. Ventura County Hazard Screening
Profiled in Declared Emergencies and
2005 Ventura Disasters in Ventura
Profiled in County County,1970 to Present
Hazard 2005 HMP General Plan State Presidential
Agricultural biological X
Avalanche
Coastal erosion X X
Civil unrest X
Dam failure X X
Drought X
Earthquake X X X
Expansive soils&subsidence X
Flood(2) X X X X
Fog
Hailstorm
Hazardous materials X
Heat
Hurricane
Infectious disease
Landslide/mudslide X X X
Levee failure
Liquefaction X
Severe wind&tornado
Severe winter storm X X
Terrorism
Volcano
Tsunami/seiche X
Wildfire/fire X X X X
Sources:Cal EMA,2010.Ventura County,2005.
OMITIOATION PLANNING-ALL CLIENTS\O�LIPOBNU HMPB\VENTURA COUNTY OEB MMP 2010 UPD/TEW PDNTED VERSION TO DELIVER TO CLIENT 1015DRAPT VENTURR COUNTY HMP_MRIN BODY 100]lO.DOL A�7
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SEMINFOUR Hazard PA81NIS
After discussing each hazard listed in Table 4-1,the ECC determined that the following hazard
groups pose the greatest threat to the County and should therefore be profiled or reprofiled in the
2010 HMP. The ECC's decisions were based on the likelihood of the hazard's occurrence and
the feasibility of mitigation.
• Agricultural biological
• Earthquake
• Flooding
- Riverine and coastal
- Dam failure
- Levee failure
• Geological
- Liquefaction
- Landslide
• Post-fire debris flow
• Severe winter storm
• Tsunami
• Wildfire
All hazards included in the 2005 HMP are included in this HMV update. Hazards new to the
2010 HMP are: agricultural biological, severe winter storm,and tsunami.Agricultural biological
hazards are included due to recent threats to agricultural areas. Severe winter storm was
previously not included because it was considered to include heavy snowfall, which only affects
the mountainous, mostly uninhabited areas of the County. However,this hazard also includes
freezing, severe winds, and hail, all of which may affect agricultural or populated areas of the
County. Tsunami was previously not included because the areas affected were assumed to be the
same areas affected by coastal flooding, which was included in the 2005 HMP. However,the
ECC has determined that areas that could be affected by tsunami are different than areas that
could be affected by coastal flooding,particularly if a large tsunami event were to occur.
One hazard that is profiled in the County's General Plan that has also received a Presidential
Disaster Declaration is coastal erosion. Coastal erosion is addressed in the flooding profile in
Section 4.3.3.
4.3 HAZARD PROFILES
The requirements for hazard profiles, as stipulated in DMA 2000 and its implementing
regulations, are provided below.
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SECT ONFOUR 8azard Analysis
DMA 2000 Requirements:Risk Assessment-Profiling Hazards
Requirement 44 CFR§201.6(c)(2)(i): [The risk assessment shall include a]description of the location and extent
of all natural hazards that can affect the jurisdiction.The plan shall include information on previous occurrences of
hazard events and on the probability of future hazard events.
Element
• Does the risk assessment identify the location(i.e.,geographic area affected)of each natural hazard addressed
in the new or updated plan?
■ Does the risk assessment identify the extent(i.e.,magnitude or severity)of each hazard addressed in the new or
updated plan?
Does the plan provide information on previous occurrences of each hazard addressed in the new or updated
plan?
■ Does the plan include the probability of future events(i.e.,chance of occurrence)for each hazard addressed in
the new or updated plan?
Source:FEMA 2008.
The hazards selected by the Planning Committee were profiled based on existing available
information. The hazard profiling consisted of describing the nature of the hazard, disaster
history, location of hazard, and extent and probability of future events. The sources of
information are listed in Section 9 of this document.
The hazards profiled for Ventura County are presented below in alphabetical order. The order
does not signify level of risk.
4.3.1 Agricultural Biological Hazards
4.3.1.1 Nature of Hazard
Agricultural infestation generally involves the artificial introduction of an insect, disease,
vertebrate, or weed pest. These pests are particularly destructive to the local agricultural crops
because they have no natural enemies to keep them under control. The type and severity of an
agricultural infestation will vary based on many factors, including weather, crop diversity, and
proximity to urban areas.
The onset for an agricultural infestation can be rapid. Controlling its spread is critical to limiting
the impacts of the infestation. Methods for detecting, limiting and eradicating exotic pests
include: delimitation trapping, quarantining the area and preventing the shipment of products
from the designated area, aerial and ground application of pesticides, and in extreme cases,
premature harvest and/or crop destruction. Duration is largely affected by the degree to which
the infestation is aggressively controlled,but is commonly more than one week. The warning
time needed to control infestation is typically more than 24 hours. Maximizing warning time is
also critical for reducing damage from this hazard.
The County's agriculture industry provides a very significant base to the County's economy. The
agricultural output of Ventura County exceeds $1.5 billion annually and encompasses over
100,000 acres of irrigated cropland. Ventura County is one of the top 10 agricultural counties in
California. The impact of infestation of a particular pest or disease would include economic
losses due to crop losses from pest damage, limitations on the ability to export products from the
OMITIGATION PUNNING-ALL CLIENTS\CALIFORNIA HMPSIVENTURACOU.......P3010 L.T.UJI.. ED VERSION TO DELVER TO CLIENT 10151ORAFT VENTURA COUNTY H-AIN BODY_1 710.00c 4-4
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SEMINFOUR Nezerd A 8101s
area,and increased costs for pest control. The diversity and location of crops produced in the
County is shown in Figure C-l.Many of the agricultural areas shown may be affected by the
insect pests and agriculture biological diseases described in this section.
Many pests not only damage the agricultural economy but also affect residential areas and open
space. Damage to landscape plants and vegetable gardens can be significant. Pests such as the
Gypsy Moth damage primarily hardwood trees in open space areas such as Oak Woodlands.
The most likely biological hazards to agriculture in Ventura County are:
• Huanglongbing(HLB)disease. This is a devastating bacterial disease affecting citrus trees
carried by the Asian citrus psyllid, an invasive,aphid-like insect pest that spreads the bacteria
from tree to tree. The disease ruins the taste and appearance of citrus fruit and eventually
kills the infected trees. There is no treatment or cure, and all commercially valuable varieties
of citrus fruit are vulnerable.
• Laurel wilt disease.An insect-borne fungal disorder, laurel wilt disease is spreading through
the United States and is potentially a hazard to the County's avocado crop. laurel wilt disease
is carried by the redbay ambrosia beetle which affects trees in the Laurel family. The disease
is transmitted in the United States by humans and can be spread in wooden packing
materials,potted plants, firewood, logs, and wood chips. When a beetle carrying the fungus
bores into a tree,the fungus spreads and begins digesting the wood. Within 6 months of
being infected,the tree dies.
• Mediterranean fruit fly.The damage caused by larval feeding makes fruit unfit for human
consumption. An established population can have a severe economic impact from restrictions
or prohibitions on the export of fresh fruit, both domestically and internationally. Many of
the crops in the County can be affected by this pest. The Mediterranean fruit fly has infested
more than 300 cultivated and wild fruits.
• Gypsy moth. The larva of this moth are destructive to forest and landscape trees. The gypsy
moth has defoliated millions of acres of forest and urban trees in the eastern United States.
Repeated defoliation renders trees more susceptible to other pests and diseases,possibly
leading to tree death and an increased potential for fire and erosion. Gypsy moth infestations
generally affect the recreational use of forests,parks, and backyards. However, when
populations are high,gypsy moth caterpillars are also a threat to forests and agricultural
crops such as fruit trees. Gypsy moths can feed on more than 500 plants.
• Charcoal rot. It has recently been confirmed that the soil-borne disease of charcoal rot has
been affecting strawberry plants in coastal and inland counties of California. Charcoal rot
causes wilting of foliage,plant stunting, and drying and death of older leaves, though the
central youngest leaves often remain green and alive. The disease can survive for extended
periods in the soil and is probably spread within and between fields mostly by the movement
of soil during soil tillage and preparation operations. Once infected,the affected plants begin
to collapse within days and will eventually die.
4.3.1.2 Disaster History
In 1994,the Mediterranean fruit fly affected 11 counties in California, including Ventura
County. The loss in Ventura County was about$22 million.In 2007, four gypsy moths were
�DMITIGhT10N PUNNING-ALL GIIENTSGAIIF......S.1....... 4-5
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SEMONFOUR Hazard AnMSIS
trapped in Ojai;then in October 2008,a 5-square-mile quarantine area was established in the
City of Ojai,centered around two egg mass sites located on South Rice Road. Since 2008, no
gypsy moths have been detected. Likewise, in 2007-2009,the Charcoal Rot disease suddenly
affected strawberry plants in several fields throughout Ventura County in 2007 and 2008, but the
loss of crops was limited. The fungus was limited when growers routinely fumigated fields, but
because of restrictions on some fumigation chemicals,many growers have turned to less-potent
chemical alternatives. Fields afflicted by charcoal rot have typically been fumigated for several
successive seasons with these less-potent chemicals; the effectiveness of the chemicals is still
being determined. Research is underway in Ventura County on epidemiology and fungicide
treatment.
As of 2010,the HLB disease has not occurred in Ventura County. However, the Asian citrus
psyllid pest,which carries HLB disease,was identified in San Diego County in 2008, and by
2009 it was also found in Imperial,Orange, and Los Angeles counties. Control and quarantine
activities are currently underway in counties where the insect has been found.
4.3.1.3 Location
Ventura County's agricultural areas are most susceptible to insect pests and agriculture
biological diseases, such as those described above. The County's farm landscape is illustrated on
Figure C-1. In addition to agricultural areas,the entire county is susceptible to the Gypsy Moth.
In 2008, a quarantine area for the gypsy moth was centered around a six-mile square area in Ojai.
In the spring of 2009, hundreds of gypsy moth traps were placed in the same area; no adult gypsy
moths were detected in 2009. Visual inspection in the quarantined area began in the fall of 2009.
If no gypsy moths are detected,the quarantine will end in September 2010.
4.3.1.4 Extent and Probability of Future Events
Future agricultural infestations in Ventura County are likely based on past occurrences. Based on
previous history, infestations causing widespread damage have occurred about once every 10 to
20 years. Another factor increasing the likelihood of future infestations is the mild climate in
Ventura County, which increases the ability of pests to proliferate. However,the extent and
probability of a devastating event are unknown. Other factors that influence agricultural
infestations are described below.
High population mobility within the country and the increasing number of immigrants who come
and go between the United States and their home countries make the introduction of exotic insect
pests of all types more likely. Decreased funding at the Federal and State levels for inspection of
incoming commodities at high risk centers such as the USPS, UPS, and FedEx increase the
ability of non-native insects and plant diseases to enter the area undetected. The agricultural
industry is currently preparing for the likely spread of the Asian Citrus Psyllid into the area
sometime this year. The disease carried by the insect has not yet been detected in the state,
however once the insect is present many experts feel that it is only a matter of time before the
disease is also detected.
Methyl Bromide has been the fumigant of choice for controlling soil-borne insect and disease
pests in many of the county's highest value crops, including bell peppers,tomatoes, berries
(including strawberries, raspberries, and blueberries), and cut flowers. With the phase out of
Methyl Bromide, control of diseases such as charcoal rot will depend on the availability of A
DMITIGATION PUNNING-ALL CLIENTBICALIFORNIA HMPS\VENTUflA COUNTY OES HMP 2010 UPDATE\UPDATED VERSION TO DELIVER TO CLIENT 10.15\DRAFT VENTUBA COUNTY HMP MAIN BODY 100]10.DOO 4-V
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SEMONFOUR Nazard Analysis
alternative methods, including fumigants such as choropicrin, 1,3 D, metam/potassium sodium
and methyl iodide.
The extent and probability of a devastating event would depend on a number of factors,
including the specific pest introduced, climactic conditions at the time of introduction,
fluctuations in funding for pest detection and eradication,public pressure regarding aerial and
ground applications of pesticides proximate to urban areas, and many other factors.
4.3.2 Earthquake
4.3.2,1 Nature of Hazard
An earthquake is a sudden motion or trembling caused by a release of strain accumulated within
or along the edge of the earth's tectonic plates. The effects of an earthquake can be felt far
beyond the site of its occurrence. Earthquakes usually occur without warning and can cause
massive damage and extensive casualties in a few seconds. Common effects of earthquakes are
ground motion and shaking, surface fault ruptures, and ground failure. Ground motion is the
vibration or shaking of the ground during an earthquake. When a fault ruptures, seismic waves
radiate,causing the ground to vibrate. The severity of the vibration increases with the amount of
energy released and decreases with distance from the causative fault or epicenter. Soft soils can
amplify ground motions.
The Richter scale is often used to rate the strength of an earthquake and is an indirect measure of
seismic energy released. The scale is logarithmic,with each 1-point increase corresponding to a
10-fold increase in the amplitude of the seismic shock waves generated by the earthquake.
However, in actual energy released, each 1-point increase on the Richter scale corresponds to
about a 32-fold increase in energy released. Therefore, a magnitude (M) 7 earthquake is 100
times (10X 10)more powerful than an M5 earthquake and releases 1,024 times (32X32)the
energy.
The Modified Mercalli Intensity(MMI) scale is another way of rating earthquakes. This method
attempts to quantify the intensity of ground shaking. Intensity in this scale is a function of
distance from the epicenter(the closer a site is to the epicenter,the greater the intensity at that
site), ground acceleration, duration of ground shaking, and degree of structural damage.The
MMI rates the level of severity of an earthquake by the amount of damage and the perceived
shaking,as shown in Table 4-2.
OMITIGTIOH PUNNING-ALL CUENTS1CAlIFORNIh MMP$\VENT......N 4-7
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WHINFOUR Nazard MaNsis
Table 4-2. Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale
Description of Summary
MMI Shaking Damage
Value Severity Description Full Description
I Micro Little to none Not felt.
II Minor Little to none Felt by ersons at rest,on upper floors,or favorably laced.
III Minor Hanging objects Felt indoors.Hanging objects swing.Vibration like passing of light
move trucks.Duration estimated.May not be recognized as an
earthquake.
IV Light Hanging objects Hanging objects swing.Vibration like passing of heavy trucks or
move sensation of a jolt like a heavy ball striking the walls.Standing
motorcars rock.Windows,dishes,doors rattle. In the upper range
of IV,wooden walls and frames creak.
V Light Pictures move Felt outdoors;direction estimated.Sleepers wakened.Liquids
disturbed,some spilled.Small unstable objects displaced or upset.
Doors swing,close,open. Shutters,pictures move.Pendulum
clocks stop,start,change rate.
VI Moderate Objects fall Felt by all.Many frightened and run outdoors.Persons walk
unsteadily.Windows,dishes,glassware broken.Knickknacks,
books,etc.,fall off shelves.Pictures off walls.Furniture moved or
overturned.Weak plaster and masonry D cracked.
VII Strong Nonstructural Difficult to stand.Noticed by drivers of motorcars.Hanging
damage objects quiver.Furniture broken.Damage to masonry D,including
cracks.Weak chimneys broken at roofline.Fall of plaster,loose
bricks,stones,tiles,cornices.Some cracks in masonry C.Small
slides and caving in along sand or gravel banks.Concrete irrigation
ditches damaged.
VIII Very Strong Moderate Steering of motorcars affected.Damage to masonry C,partial
damage collapse.Some damage to masonry B,none to masonry A.Fall of
stucco and some masonry walls.Twisting,fall of chimneys,factory
stacks,monuments,towers,and elevated tanks.Frame houses
moved on foundations if not bolted down;loose panel walls thrown
out.Cracks in wet ground and on steep slopes.
X Very Violent Extreme Most masonry and frame structures destroyed with their
damage foundations.Some well-built wooden structures and bridges
destroyed.Serious damage to dams,dikes,embankments.Large
landslides.Water thrown on banks of canals,rivers,lakes,etc.
Sand and mud shifted horizontally on beaches and flat land.
XI Very Violent Extreme Rails bent greatly.Underground pipelines completely out of
damage tan rvice.
XII Very Violent Total damage mage nearly total.Large rock masses displaced.Lines of sight
level distorted.Objects thrown into air.
Masonry A:Good workmanship,mortar,and design;reinforced,especially laterally,and bound together by using steel,
concrete,etc.;designed to resist lateral forces.
Masonry B:Good workmanship and mortar;reinforced,but not designed in detail to resist lateral forces.
Masonry C:Ordinary workmanship and mortar•,no extreme weaknesses like failing to tie in at comers,but neither reinforced
nor designed against horizontal forces.
Masonry D:Weak materials,such as adobe;poor mortar•,low standards of workmanship;weak horizontally.
Sources:Association of Bay Area Governments 2003;USGS 2009.
DMITIGATION PLANNING-ALL CUENTS\CPLIPoFNIP HMP5IVENT.......... HMP2010 UPONTEIUPDMTEO VERSION TO DELIVER TO CLIENT 10.151DMFT VENTURA COUNTY HMP_MAIN BODY 100710.000 4-8
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SMONFOUR Hmr MebsiS
4.3.22 Disaster History
While no large(M 5.0>)earthquakes have occurred recently within the County's boundaries, a
number of relatively large earthquakes outside the County have caused damage within the
County. These earthquakes occurred in 1925 (Santa Barbara), 1927(Point Arguello), 1933 (Long
Beach), 1941 (Santa Barbara), 1952 (Tehachapi), 1971 (San Fernando), and 1994 (Northridge).
Additionally,damaging earthquakes within the County occurred in 1950 (north of Ojai), 1957
(Hueneme), 1963 (Camarillo), and 1973 (Point Mugu). The three most recent events(San
Fernando,Point Mugu,and Northridge)are discussed below.
• San Fernando,M 6.5,February 9, 1971: This event was caused by oblique-slip reverse
faulting in the San Fernando fault zone. The earthquake caused the destruction of freeway
interchanges, houses,and buildings and severe damage to three hospitals in the San Fernando
Valley. The earthquake claimed 65 lives. Although the epicenter was within 25 miles of
Ventura County,damage sustained within the County was minor.
• Point Mugu,M 5.3,February 21, 1973: The Point Mugu earthquake was responsible for at
least five injuries and more than $1 million damage in the Point Mugu—Oxnard area,though
damage was confined mainly to the vicinity of the epicenter. Large boulders fell down onto
State Route 1 at Point Mugu,partially blocking the road. More than 7,000 customers lost
electricity for several hours. Most reported damage was to windows, ceilings,plaster,
chimneys, and shelved goods, though structural damage and broken pipes were also reported.
Although much less powerful than the San Fernando earthquake of 1971,the Point Mugu
earthquake was similar in focal mechanism.
• Northridge,M 6.7,January 17, 1994: This blind thrust earthquake occurred along the
Northridge thrust fault. It was the strongest earthquake instrumentally recorded in an urban
setting in North America and caused parking structures,apartments, office buildings, and
sections of freeways to collapse. Approximately 25,000 dwellings were rendered
uninhabitable. Total damage exceeded $44 billion. The incident resulted in 51 deaths.
4.3.2.3 Location
As in most of southern and coastal California,the potential for earthquake damage exists
throughout Ventura County because of the number of active faults within and near the County.
These faults are shown on the California Geological Survey (CGS)Fault Activity Map of
California. Descriptions of the active faults are provided below. The location of the active and
potentially active faults is shown on Figure C-2. Some of the more significant faults are
described below:
• San Andreas fault: San Andreas is the longest and most significant fault in California.
Because of clearly established historical earthquake activity,this fault has been designated as
active by the State of California. The last major earthquake on this fault near Ventura County
was the Fort Tejon earthquake of 1857, estimated at M 8.0, and would have caused
considerable damage if there had been structures in the southern part of the County. There is
a 59%chance that an M 6.7 quake or larger will occur on this fault within the next 30 years.
• Malibu Coast fault system: The Malibu Coast fault system includes the Malibu Coast,
Santa Monica, and Hollywood faults. The system begins in the Hollywood area, extends
along the southern base of the Santa Monica Mountains,and passes offshore a few miles
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SECTI®NFOUR hazard Analysis
west of Point Dume. The 1973 Point Mugu earthquake, described in the previous section, is
believed to have originated on this fault system.
• San Cayetano—Red Mountain—Santa Susana fault system: This fault system consists of a
major series of north-dipping reverse faults that extend over 150 miles from Santa Barbara
County into Los Angeles County. Within this system,the San Cayetano fault is the greatest
hazard to Ventura County; it is a major,north-dipping reverse fault that extends for 25 miles
along the northern portion of the Ventura Basin. The San Fernando earthquake of 1971,
described in the previous section,was caused by activity along this fault.
• Oak Ridge fault system: The Oak Ridge fault system is a steep(65 degrees) southerly
dipping reverse fault that extends from the Santa Susana Mountains westward along the
southerly side of the Santa Clara River Valley and into the Oxnard Plain. The system is more
than 50 miles long on the mainland and may extend an equal or greater distance offshore.
Several recorded earthquake epicenters on land and offshore may have been associated with
the Oak Ridge fault system. Portions of the system are zoned by the state as active.
• Simi—Santa Rosa fault system: This fault system extends from the Santa Susana Mountains
westward along the northern margin of the Simi and Tierra Rejada valleys and along the
southern slope and crest of the Las Posas Hills to their westerly termination.
• Pine Mountain thrust fault and Big Pine fault: These two large faults occur in the
mountainous portion of Ventura County north of the Santa Ynez fault; the faults are located 9
and 16 miles north of the City of Ojai, respectively. The Pine Mountain thrust fault is
reported to have ruptured the ground surface for a distance of 30 miles along its length during
the northern Ventura County earthquakes of November 1852.
• Ventura-Pitas Point fault: The western half of this fault is known as the Pitas Point fault,
and the eastern half is known as the Ventura fault. The Pitas Point fault extends offshore into
the Pacific Ocean and is roughly 14 miles long. The Ventura fault extends into the
communities of Ventura and Sea Cliff and runs roughly parallel to portions of U.S. 101 and
State Route 126. The fault is roughly 12 miles long. The Ventura-Pitas Point fault is a left-
reverse fault.
4.3.2.4 Extent and Probability of Future Events
Ongoing field and laboratory studies suggest the following maximum likely magnitudes and
recurrence intervals for the major local faults:
• San Andreas(M 8.0, recurrence interval of 300 years)
• Malibu Coast fault system(M 6.7, recurrence interval 2,908 years)
• San Cayetano fault system(M 6.8, recurrence interval 150 years)
• Oak Ridge fault system (M 6.9,recurrence interval 299 years)
• Simi—Santa Rosa fault system(M 6.7, recurrence interval 933 years)
• Ventura-Pitas Point fault system(M 6.9, recurrence interval not available)
LITIGATION PUNNING-ALL CUENTSIULLIFORNIq MMPS\VEHTURR COUNTY OESHMP 2010UPoPT0\BPOATEO VERSION TO DELNER TO CLIENT 101SOMFf VENTURA COUNTY HMP_M/UH BODY 100710.000 4-10
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SEMONFOUR Nsmrd Analysis
• Red Mountain fault system(M 6.8, recurrence interval 507 years)
• Santa Susana fault system(M 6.6, recurrence interval 138 years)
The strength of an earthquake's ground movement can be measured by peak ground acceleration
(PGA). PGA measures the rate in change of motion relative to the established rate of acceleration
due to gravity(g=980 centimeters per second,per second). PGA is used to project the risk of
damage from future earthquakes by showing earthquake ground motions that have a specified
probability (e.g., 10 percent, 5 percent, or 2 percent) of being exceeded in 50 years. The ground
motion values are used for reference in construction design for earthquake resistance and can
also be used to assess relative hazard between sites when making economic and safety decisions.
In 2003, CGS developed an updated map of earthquake shaking potential for California. The
map shows the relative intensity of ground shaking and damage in California from anticipated
future earthquakes. Regions near major, active faults are shown in red and pink and experience
stronger earthquake shaking more frequently. Regions that are distant from known, active faults
are shown in orange and yellow experience lower levels of shaking less frequently. Figure C-2
indicates the level of earthquake hazard for Ventura County based on the 2003 CGS data.
Ventura County falls within the middle to top levels of earthquake hazard, as indicated by the red
and pink regions on Figure C-2. This intense shaking can damage even newer buildings built to
current building codes.
4.3.3 Flooding: Riverine and Coastal
4.3.3.1 Nature of Hazard
A flood occurs when the existing channel of a stream, river, canyon,or other watercourse cannot
contain excess runoff from rainfall or snowmelt, resulting in overflow on to adjacent lands. In
coastal areas, flooding may occur when high winds or tides result in a surge of seawater into
areas that are above the normal high tide line.
A floodplain is the area adjacent to a watercourse or other body of water that is subject to
recurring floods. Floodplains may change over time from natural processes,changes in the
characteristics of a watershed, or human activity such as construction of bridges or channels. In
areas where flow contains a high sediment load, such as along the Santa Clara River in Ventura
County,the course of a river or stream may shift dramatically during a single flood event.
Coastal floodplains may also change over time as waves and currents alter the coastline.
Physical damage from floods includes the following:
• Inundation of structures, causing water damage to structural elements and contents.
• Erosion or scouring of stream banks, roadway embankments, foundations, footings for bridge
piers, and other features.
• Impact damage to structures, roads, bridges, culverts, and other features from high velocity
flow and from debris carried by floodwaters. Such debris may also accumulate on bridge
piers and in culverts, increasing loads on these features or causing overtopping or backwater
effects.
ITIGRTION PLANNING-ALL OLIENTBICALIFOBNIA HMPSIVENT.......Y0ES HMP 3010 UPDATE\UPDATED VERSpN TO OELNEB TO CLIENT 10151DMFT VENTIIRR COUNTY HMP MAIN BODY 100)iB.00C 4-11
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• Destruction of crops, erosion of topsoil,and deposition of debris and sediment on croplands.
• Release of sewage and hazardous or toxic materials when wastewater treatment plants are
inundated, storage tanks are damaged, and pipelines severed.
Floods also cause economic losses through closure of businesses and government facilities;
disrupt communications; disrupt the provision of utilities such as water and sewer; result in
excessive expenditures for emergency response; and generally disrupt the normal function of a
community.
In areas such as Ventura County that do not have extended periods of below-freezing
temperatures or significant snowfall, floods usually occur during the season of highest
precipitation or during heavy rainfalls after prolonged dry periods. Ventura County is dry during
the late spring, summer, and early fall and receives most of its rain during the winter months.
The rainfall season extends from November through April, with approximately 95 percent of the
annual rainfall occurring during this period. The average annual rainfall in Ventura County
ranges from less than 8 inches in the Cuyama Valley in northwestern Ventura County to 38
inches in the Ventura River watershed west of the City of Ojai.Along the coast near Oxnard, San
Buenaventura, Simi Valley, and Thousand Oaks, the average rainfall is approximately 14 inches.
The prevailing weather patterns during the winter and the orientation of the mountain ranges in
the northern half of the County combine to produce extremely high-intensity rainfall. The peak
historic rainfall intensity recorded by a Ventura County rain gage occurred on February 12, 1992.
A rainfall intensity of approximately 4 inches per hour was measured during a 15-minute period
at the Wheeler Gorge gage approximately 3 miles northeast of Matilija Dam. Such intensities can
produce severe flooding conditions,particularly in small watersheds where flash floods are
likely.
Flash floods are particularly dangerous. The National Weather Service defines a flash flood as
one in which the peak flow travels the length of a watershed within a 6-hour period. These floods
arise when storms produce a high volume of rainfall in a short period over a watershed where
runoff collects quickly. They are likely to occur in areas with steep slopes and sparse vegetation.
They often strike with little warning and are accompanied by high velocity flow.
4.3.3.2 Disaster History
Damaging floods in Ventura County were reported as early as 1862. A 1945 report by the
Ventura County Flood Control District reported that floods of sufficient magnitude to cause
extensive damage occurred in 1862, 1867, 1884, 1911, 1914, 1938, 1941, 1943, and 1944.
The largest and most damaging natural floods recorded in the Santa Clara and Ventura
watersheds occurred in January and February of 1969. The January flood was a result of the
highest monthly precipitation total ever recorded in Ventura County at that time. The February
flood was a result of intense rainfall similar in magnitude to the rainfall that caused the record-
breaking flood in January. During these floods, the 50- and 100-year peak discharge levels were
reached in many channels. The combined effects of the 1969 floods were disastrous: 13 people
lost their lives, and property damage was estimated at$60 million (1969 dollars). Homes in
Casitas Springs, Live Oak Acres, and Fillmore were flooded, and 3,000 residents in Santa Paula
and several families in Fillmore were evacuated twice. A break in the Santa Clara River levee
threatened the City of Oxnard. Agricultural land,primarily citrus groves, was seriously damaged
ITIGNTION PLANNING-/LLL CLIENTS\CALIFORNIA HMPS\VENT......NTY OES HMPl01U UPDATE\UPDATED VE0.SION TO OELNER TO CLIENT tO 1SDRFFT VENTURR COUNTY HMP MAIN 80()Y_100T10_DOC 4-12
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SEMINFOUR Hazard unatysis
or destroyed. All over the County,transportation facilities, including roads,bridges,and railroad
tracks,were damaged. The Fillmore, Oak View,and Ventura sewage treatment plants were
severely damaged and dumped raw sewage into the Santa Clara and Ventura rivers. The
untreated sewage polluted the rivers and the beaches at their outlets into the ocean. In addition,
sewer trunk lines were broken along the Ventura River and its tributary, San Antonio Creek.
Suspended sediment concentrations and discharge in many streams greatly exceeded any
previously measured levels in the flood-affected areas. Suspended sediment concentrations
reached a maximum of about 160,000 milligrams per liter in the Santa Clara River at Saticoy,
and the maximum daily sediment discharge was 20 million tons during the storm peak(FEMA
2010a).
After 1969, significant development in the Calleguas Creek watershed increased peak flows in
that channel. Historically, flood flows in the Calleguas Creek portion of the Oxnard Plain had
been able to spread across the floodplain and deposit their sediment, creating the rich agricultural
lands of the Oxnard Plain. Currently, the Oxnard floodplain is used for primarily year-round
agricultural activities, and the Calleguas Creek has been channelized through the construction of
levees. However,the channel has insufficient capacity for the 50-and 100-year flows, leading to
levee breaks and extensive storm damage of the year-round agricultural crops. The creek
channelization has also caused increased sediment to be delivered to its outlet in Mugu Lagoon,a
sensitive wetlands area.
In 1980, Calleguas Creek breached its levee in the Oxnard Plain and caused approximately$9
million(in 1980 dollars) in damage to the Point Mugu Naval Base from flooding and sediment
deposition. In addition, approximately 1,500 acres of farmland were covered by floodwaters. The
peak discharge was 9,310 cubic feet per second (cfs)at the Madera Road Bridge in Simi Valley.
In 1983, a Federal disaster was declared because of storm damage. Repairs to flood-control
facilities have been estimated to cost$15 million(in 1983 dollars). Improved channels in
Moorpark and Simi Valley suffered severe damage from erosion during this event, and Calleguas
Creek experienced record flooding. Damage to other public and private facilities has been
estimated at approximately $39 million,with little more than half of that total due to damage to
agricultural lands.
In the winter of 1997-1998, several heavy rainfall events hammered southern California. Some
of the most intense rains occurred in Ventura County, causing flooding of dozens of homes and
closure of approximately 35 roadways. A falling hillside in Ventura forced more than 60
residents to evacuate. Heavy storms caused an oil pipeline rupture, sending 8,000 gallons of
crude oil into the Pacific Ocean and severing a natural gas pipeline that sparked a 100-foot
flame. Countywide damages exceeded $50 million. However, no lives were lost.
In January 2005, winter storms brought heavy rains to the region. The Ventura River reached a
maximum stage of 17.5 feet and maximum discharge of 152,560 cfs. High water flows, scouring,
and washouts in the Ventura River damaged several water wells and exposed water lines owned
by the Ojai Valley Sanitary District. Severe erosion occurred along both embankments of the
Ventura River. Damage from the January 2005 storms totaled more than $200 million.
In January 2010, a series of powerful winter storms swept over Central and Southern California.
Heavy rain, gusty winds, and heavy snow were witnessed in Ventura County. Rainfall totals
ranged from 4-8 inches over coastal areas to 8-16 inches in the foothills and mountains. Flash
flood watches were issued in areas of Ventura County that were damaged by wildfires in 2008.
.IITIGRTIONPUNHING-ALLCIIENTSICMLIFORNIRNMPS\VENT........OESHMP]010UPDATE\UPDATED VERSION TOOEWERTOCLIENTt0.i510MFTVENTUR.....YMMP_MNNBOOV 100]10.00C 4-13
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SEMINFOUR Hazard Analysis
The January 2010 storm was initially anticipated to be similar in size to the January 2005 storm.
However, actual rain totals showed that this storm was not as severe.According to the Ventura
County Watershed Protection District,the watershed levels during the January 2010 storm were
nowhere near the levels reached in 2005.
4.3.3.3 Location
Figure C-3 shows the locations and types of flooding in Ventura County:
• Upland flooding: The mountainous terrain of northern Ventura County and the hills in the
central and eastern parts of the County give rise to numerous annual streams, many draining
into steep canyons. These streams are subject to floods of relatively short duration, often
following high-intensity rainfall. Such floods may occur with little warning and carry large
quantities of sediment and debris. Communities adjacent to the upland areas, such as
Fillmore, Ojai, Piru, and Santa Paula, are subject to this hazard. Many of the watersheds in
question contain dams or basins designed to attenuate flow and trap debris, reducing the
effects on downstream communities.
• Broad floodplains: The Santa Clara River(watershed area of 1,650 square miles), Ventura
River(watershed area of 226 square miles), and Calleguas Creek(watershed area of 325
square miles)watersheds drain to the broad coastal plain in the southern part of Ventura
County. This plain is subject to inundation during longer intervals of rain,typically as the
result of a series of winter storms. These floods typically have longer duration and may be
forecast with more warning time. The Santa Clara River Valley, which crosses central
Ventura County, is also subject to flooding.Numerous levees have been built to protect the
agricultural lands along the river, which, because of its sediment load, has historically
migrated across the valley floor during flooding intervals. These levees are typically not
sufficient to withstand severe flood events.
• Coastal flooding: The County's 43-mile coastline is subject to tidal flooding, storm surge,
and wave action, all of which usually occur during winter storms. Areas that are susceptible
to severe wave action are generally confined to a narrow area immediately adjacent to the
tidal zone, including Sea Cliff Colony, Oxnard Shores, Silver Strand Beach, and several
sections of U.S. 101 from Rincon Point to Emma Wood State Park. However,the effects of
coastal flooding can be severe—in addition to wave action, beach and bluff erosion can cause
significant damage to coast-side homes and infrastructure. Coastal flooding may also occur
as the result of tsunamis, which are extreme tidal surges caused by distant earthquakes or
massive undersea landslides. In addition to flooding,winter coastal storms can cause minor
coastal erosion along the shores of Ventura County. Coastal erosion is a natural process
which occurs particularly in the winter when coastal storms wear away land by wave action,
tidal currents, or wave currents. Material deposited on beaches during the mild summer and
fall months gets redistributed by the waves. According to City of Ventura engineers,the
majority of the sand is pulled just off coast and then comes back to shore over time. While
most receding sand stays fairly close to shore, some sand is driven south by currents until it
reaches Hueneme Canyon, a large deep-water depression near the Port of Hueneme.
RWATION PLANNING-RLL CLIENTS\CAIAFOBNIA.MPS\VENT...COUNTY OES BMP 2010 UPoATEW POPTEO VERSION TO DELIVER TO CLIENT 10.1SOMFT VEHTURA COUNTY BMP MAIN BOGY 100]10.DOC 4-14
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SERI®NFOUR Nmrd Analysis
4.3.3.4 Extent and Probability of Future Events
The magnitude of flooding that is used as the standard for floodplain management in the United
States is a flood with a probability of occurrence of 1 percent in any given year. This flood is
also known as the 100-year flood or base flood. The most readily available source of information
regarding the 100-year flood is the system of Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs)prepared by
FEMA. These maps are used to support the NFIP. FEMA has prepared a countywide Digital
Flood Insurance Rate Map(DFIRM) for the unincorporated areas of Ventura County and for
each incorporated city in the County, effective January 20, 2010. Figure C-3 shows the 100-and
the 500-year floodplains for flooding sources, as identified in the Ventura County DFIRM.
On average, floods causing damage within Ventura County occurs every 5 years.
4.3.3.5 Additional NFIP Information
As noted in Section 1,Ventura County and its cities participate in the NFIP. The NFIP makes
Federally-backed flood insurance available to homeowners, renters, and business owners in
communities that adopt and enforce floodplain management ordinances to reduce future flood
damage. Table 4-3 lists the date of the initially mapped FIRM,the emergency/regular program
entrance date into the NFIP, and the number of policies in force.
Table 4-3. Date of Initially Mapped FIRM and Emergency/Regular Program
Entrance Date into NFIP for Ventura County and Cities
Emergency/Regular
County/Community Date of Initially Program Entrance Date Number of Policies in
Name Mapped FIRM into NFIP Force
Ventura County 10/31/1985 10/31/1985 1,525*
City of Camarillo 9/29/1986 9/29/1986 1,673
City of Fillmore 10/17/1978 10/17/1986 195
City of Moorpark 9/29/1986 9/29/1986 776
City of Ojai 10/17/1978 10/17/1978 70
City of Oxnard 3/1/1979 3/1/1979 475
City of Port Hueneme 9/24/1984 9/24/1984 41
City of Santa Paula 4/15/1980 4/15/1980 1,063
City of Simi Valle 9/27/1991 9/27/1991 2,202
City of Thousand Oaks 9/29/1978 9/29/1978 335
City of Ventura 9/29/1986 9/29/1986 321
Source:FEMA n.d.
FIRM=Flood Insurance Rate Map
NFIP=National Flood Insurance Program
*Additional NFIP information about Ventura County for the CRS 510 Activity Worksheet:As of July 31,2010,there are
1,525 policies and$397,771,200 of insurance in force.The 1,525 insurance policies are broken out as follows: 1,403
single-family units;39 2-4 family units; 12 all other residential units,and 71 nonresidential units.Since Ventura County
joined the NFIP in 1985,471 paid losses have been made for a total of$9,238,788.50.The 470 losses are broken out as
follows:388 single-family units;22 2-4 family units;3 all other residential units;and 47 nonresidential units.
ITIGNTION PLANNING-ALL CLIENTS\CAl1EORNlq MMPS\VERTU..GOVN RR COUNTY NMP_MAIN BOGY t0pT10.00C 4-15
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SEMINFOUR Hazard Analysis
4.3.4 Flooding: Dam Failure
4.3.41 Nature of Hazard
Dam failure can result in severe flood events.A dam failure is usually the result of the age of the
structure, inadequate spillway capacity used in construction,or structural damage caused by an
earthquake or flood. When a dam fails, a large quantity of water is suddenly released with a great
potential to cause human casualties,economic loss,and environmental damage.This type of
disaster is especially dangerous because it can occur suddenly,providing little warning and
evacuation time for the people living downstream. The flows resulting from dam failure
generally are much larger than the capacity of the downstream channels and therefore lead to
extensive flooding. Flood damage occurs as a result of the momentum of the flood caused by the
sediment-laden water, flooding over the channel banks,and impact debris carried by the flow.
A dam subject to state regulations concerning construction and operation is called a"state-size"
dam. Such dams are either more than 25 feet tall and hold back more than 15 acre-feet of water
or are more than 6 feet tall and hold back more than 50 acre-feet of water. Table 4-4 lists the
state-size dams that are operated by the VCWPD,Table 4-5 lists the state-size dams that are not
operated by VCWPD, and Table 4-6 lists dams and basins in Ventura County that are not state-
size.
The VCWPD's basins and dams play an important role in the control of floodwaters and
sediment in Ventura County. The debris basins capture primarily sediment mobilized by stream
and watershed erosion. Debris basins can also attenuate flood peaks if enough storage volume is
available in the basin and depending on the design of the outlet works. If basin volumes or dam
designs exceed certain state criteria,they are regulated as"state-size"basins by the California
Division of Safety of Dams (DSOD). State-size basins store more than 50 acre-feet of water or
have dams that are more than 25-feet tall and are inspected annually by DSOD. Ventura County
VCWPD's state-size basins are Arundell Barranca,Ferro,Lang Creek,Las Llajas Canyon,
Runkle Canyon, Stewart Canyon Creek, and Sycamore Canyon Basins.(Table 4-7). For more
information on debris basins and the post-fire debris flow hazard, see Section 4.3.5.
fTIOATION PLANNING-N.I OUENTS\CRIIFORNIA HMPS.....A COUNTY OES HMP 3010 UPDNTE\UPDATED VERSION TO DELIVER TOOLIENT 10.15\DRAFT VENTUR�COUNTV HMP_MNN BODV_100110.00C 4-16
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sECTIONFOUR N=rd AnaMis
Table 44. State-Size Dams Operated by Ventura County Watershed Protection District
Zone Dam Year Completed Capacity
1 Matilija Dam 1949 Design:7,0.18 acre-feet
After notching:3,800 acre-feet(excluding
sedimentation losses)
Original spillway capacity:60,000 cubic feet per second
at water elevation 1,137 feet
Stewart Canyon 1963 Level capacity:64.6 acre-feet
Maximum debris capacity:203.5 acre-feet
2 Arundell Barranca 1970 Flood storage: 138 acre-feet
(modified 1995) Maximum debris capacity: 17.5 acre-feet
3 Ferro Debris Basin 1933 Level capacity(top of spillway):21.4 acre-feet
(1992 embankment Maximum debris capacity:23.4 acre-feet
repair)
Lang Creek Detention 2004 Flood storage(top of spillway):263 acre-feet
Basin
Las Llajas 1981 Flood storage: 1,250 acre-feet
Maximum debris capacity:280 acre-feet
Runkle Debris Basin 1949 Level capacity:99.8 acre-feet
(Runkle Canyon Dam) Maximum debris capacity:not available
Sycamore Canyon 1981 Flood storage:660 acre-feet
Maximum debris capacity: 107 acre-feet
Sycamore Canyon 1981 Flood storage:660 acre-feet
Maximum debris capacity: 107 acre-feet
Sources:Ventura County Watershed Protection District.2010;DSOD 2010.
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SECTIANFOUR Hazard Analysis
Table 4-5. State-Size Dams Not Operated by the Ventura County Watershed Protection
District
Dam
Capacity
Zone Dam Owner acre-feet
1 Anola Dam U.S.Bureau of Reclamation 30
Casitas Dam U.S.Bureau of Reclamation 245,000
Senior Canyon Dam Senior Canyon Mutual Water Company 78
3 Bard Reservoir Dam(Wood Calleguas Municipal Water District 11,000
Ranch
Lake Eleanor Dam Cone'o Open Space Conservation Agency 128
Santa Felicia Dam Lake Piru United Water Conservation District 100,000
Sinaloa Lake Sinaloa Lake Owners Association 205
4 Lake Sherwood Dam Sherwood Valley Homeowners Association 2,694
Las Virgenes Reservoir Dam Las Virgenes Municipal Water District 10,000
Westlake
Los Bouquet Canyon f Los An eles Department of Water and Power 36,500
Angeles Castaic Dam California Department of Water Resources 325,000
County
ramid Dam California Department of Water Resources 179,000
Sources:Ventura County Watershed Protection District.2010;DSOD 2010.
Table 4-6. Non-State-Size Dams and Basins in Ventura County
Watershed Flood Storage
Year Area Volume
Zone Basin/Dam Constructed acres acre-feet
1 Dent Debris Basin 1981 27 2.5
Live Oak Detention Basin 2002 794 17.8
McDonald Detention Basin 1998 565 14.5
2 Adams Barranca Debris Basin 1994 5,408 44.6
Cavin Road Debris Basin 1933 90 2.5
Fagan Canyon Debris Basin 1994 1,856 44.6
Franklin Banana Debris Basin 1934 330 3.1
Jepson Wash Debris Basin 1961 858 21.0
Lake Canyon Dam and Detention Basin 2008 732 180.0
Real Wash Debris Basin 1964 160 13.6
Warring Canyon Debris Basin 1952 695 20.5
3 Castro Williams Debris Basin 1955 637 50.0
Coyote Canyon Debris Basin 1955 4,550 15.2
Crestview Debris Basin 1934 80 1.5
Ed emore Debris Basin 1955 105 1.8
Errin er Road Debris Basin-Upper 1957 105 20.5
�TIGATION PUNNING-ALL CLIENTS\CALIFORNIA HMRS\VENTURA COUNTY OES MMP 1010 UPDATEW PDATE�VERSR)N TO DELNEft TO CLIENT 10.15\DRAFT VERTURA COUNTY HMP_MNIN BOOY_100]lO.DOC 4-18
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SEMONFOUR Nazard Analysis
Table 4-6.Non-State-Size Dams and Basins in Ventura County
Watershed Flood Storage
Year Area Volume
Zone Basin/Dam Constructed acres acre-feet
Fox Barranca Debris Basin 1956 3,100 9.1
Gabbert Canyon Debris Basin 1963 2,350 10.1
Honda West Debris Basin 1955 740 6.4
Lang Creek Debris Basin 2004 2,325 16.7
Las Posas Estates Dam 1992 168 15.3
North Simi Drain Dam 2002 1,200 50.0
Peach Hill Wash Detention Dam 1988 1,589 25.5
Ramona Detention Dam 1992 254 25.5
Santa Rosa Road Debris Basin No.2 1957 1,101 4.5
South Branch Afro o Cone'o Debris Basin 1995 2,542 18.4
Ta o Hills No. 1 Debris Basin 1971 104 25.5
Tao Hills No.2 Debris Basin 1977 133 15.6
West Camarillo Hills East Branch Debris Basin 1955 92 1.1
West Camarillo Hills West Branch Debris Basin 1955 74 3.2
Source:VCWPD 2010.
4.3.4.2 Disaster History
One dam failure had catastrophic effects in Ventura County. The St. Francis Dam in the San
Francisquitos Canyon in Los Angeles County (within the Santa Clara River watershed)was
constructed to provide 38,000 acre-feet of storage for water from the Los Angeles—Owens River
Aqueduct. The midnight collapse of the dam in March 1928 occurred after the newly constructed
concrete-arch dam was completely filled for the first time. The resulting flood swept through the
Santa Clara Valley in Ventura County toward the Pacific Ocean, about 54 miles away. At its
peak,the wall of water was reported to be 78 feet high; by the time it hit Santa Paula, 42 miles
south of the dam, the water was estimated to be 25 feet deep. Almost everything in its path was
destroyed including structures, railways, bridges, livestock, and orchards. By the time the flood
subsided,parts of Ventura County lay under 70 feet of mud and debris.Nearly 500 people were
killed, and damage estimates topped$20 million. The communities of Piru, Fillmore, Santa
Paula, Bardsdale, Saticoy, Montalvo, and El Rio sustained extensive life and property loss from
the flood.
There is no record of a failure of any dam located in Ventura County.
4.3.4.3 Location
Figure C-4 shows the locations and extent of the dam failure hazard areas for Ventura County.
This map provides an approximate assessment of risk and does not indicate specific areas that
may be affected by failure of a particular dam. Information on the latter may be obtained from
the agency that owns the dam. The map shows that dam failures may occur outside Ventura
County but still pose a threat. In particular, if dams in the Santa Clara River watershed in Los
LITIGATION PLANNING-ALL CLIENTS\CALIFORNIA HMPSIVENT......NTV OES HMP 2010 UPDATEWPWTEO VERSION TO DE4VEH TO CLIENT 10.15\OMiT VEHTURA COUNTY HMO MATH BODY 100)10.006 4-19
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Angeles County fail,the resulting flood would affect the Santa Clara River corridor, which
includes the cities of Santa Paula and Oxnard, as demonstrated by the 1928 event.
4.3.4.4 Extent and Probability of Future Events
FEMA characterizes a dam as a high hazard if it stores more than 1,000 acre-feet of water, is
taller than 150 feet,and has the potential to cause downstream property damage. The hazard
ratings for dams are set by FEMA and confirmed with site visits by engineers. Most dams in the
County are characterized by increased hazard potential because of downstream development and
increased risk as a result of structural deterioration or inadequate spillway capacity.
The DSOD regulates state-size dams and inspects them annually to ensure that they are in good
operating condition. Also,as required by DSOD regulations,the flood inundation limits resulting
from a dam breach during the design storm are established for each state-size dam. The resultant
maps contain flood-wave arrival time estimates and flood inundation limits. These maps are
developed by CalEMA and provided to DSOD and local communities.
The largest state-size water storage reservoirs(Pyramid, Castaic, and Piru)that can affect
Ventura County are located on the Santa Clara River system and are intended to be used as flood
or debris control during storm events. To cause a significant flood, dam failure would have to
occur during extreme storm events that caused inflow to the basin above the outlet capacity.
Many of the basins are intended to capture debris and do not provide significant detention
benefits for downstream flow. A few of the older district basins have earthen spillways that are
subject to erosion and scour during overtopping. Sycamore Dam was originally designed as a
retention basin but does not have the design capacity available at this time and thus could
overtop during an extreme storm event and cause flooding in downstream areas.
The probability of dam failure inundation is unknown, but as described above,would be the
result of certain types of extreme storm events.
4.3.5 Flooding: Levee Failure
4.3.5.1 Nature of Hazard
Levees are typically earthen embankments designed to contain,control, or divert the flow of
water to provide some level of protection from flooding. Some levee systems are built for
agricultural purposes and provide flood protection and flood loss reduction for farm fields and
other land used for agricultural purposes. Urban levee systems are built to provide flood
protection and flood loss reduction for population centers and the industrial, commercial, and
residential facilities within them.
Levees are designed to provide a specific level of flood protection. Agricultural levee systems
provide a level of protection that is appropriate based on the value of the assets being protected.
Because urban levee systems are designated to protect urban areas, they are generally built to
higher standards.No levee system provides full protection from all flooding events to the people
and structures located behind it. Some level of flood risk exists in the levee-affected areas.
Levee failure is the overtopping, breach or collapse of the levee wall. Levees can fail in the event
of an earthquake, internal erosion, poor engineering/construction or landslides, but levees most
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commonly fail as a result of significant rainfall. During a period of heavy rainfall,the water
inside the levee can build up and flow over the top of its boundary. The overflow of water
washes away the top portion of the levee,creating deep grooves. Eventually the levee weakens,
resulting in a breach or collapse of the levee wall and the release of uncontrollable amounts of
water.
4.3.5.2 Disaster History
No significant levee failures have occurred in Ventura County.
In recent years, FEMA has embarked on a Flood Map Modernization initiative to update and
modernize the existing FIRMs for the majority of the United States. During this process, it has
been revealed that a number of levees have not been assessed since their original inclusion in the
NFIP and may no longer be in compliance with FEMA regulations. If a levee is found to be
noncompliant, it will be decertified, and the residential structures behind the levee will be subject
to the mandatory purchase of flood insurance and additional floodplain regulations. Levees in
question are considered Provisionally Accredited Levees(PALS). Before producing new FIRMS,
FEMA has allowed time for the PALs to be recertified.
Eleven levees in Ventura County have been deemed PALs. In response,the Ventura County
VCWPD has initiated the VCWPD FEMA Levee Certification and Rehabilitation Project. Under
this project,the VCWPD has engaged in preliminary design engineering work in support of
levee retrofit and/or enhancement projects required to certify the 11 levees in full compliance
with the Federal levee certification requirements, 44 CFR§ 65.10.
4.3.5.3 Location
Figure C-5 shows the 9 PALs and 2 non-provisionally accredited levees: Arroyo Santa Rosa 2,
Arroyo Simi 6,Arroyo Simi 7, Calleguas Creek 2, Calleguas Creek 3, Santa Clara River 1, Santa
Clara River 3, Sespe Creek 1, Sespe Creek 2,Ventura River 1,and Ventura River 3. As can be
seen in the map,these levees are located throughout the populated portion of Ventura County.
4.3.5.4 Extent and Probability of Future Events
The 11 levees are currently being studied for recertification.
The probability of future levee failures in Ventura County is unknown but may result from a
large winter storm or seismic event. However, for the purpose of planning and identification of
potential projects eligible for funding,Figure C-5 illustrates the extent of flooding greater than
3 feet if the levees are decertified and are prone to failure. Once released, official FIRMS
produced by FEMA will vary and will be subject to community input and appeal.
4.3.6 Geological
For purposes of this analysis, geologic hazards are defined as events resulting in liquefaction and
landslide.
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4.3.6.1 Liquefaction
Nature of Hazard
Liquefaction occurs when ground shaking causes loose, saturated soil to lose strength and act as
a viscous fluid. When liquefaction occurs, water pressure in the interstitial pores of the soil
increases;the friction between soil particles decreases as the particles are effectively suspended
and cohesion between particles is lost. Liquefaction causes two types of ground failure: lateral
spreading and loss of bearing strength. Lateral spreads develop on gentle slopes and result in the
sidelong movement of large masses of soil as an underlying layer liquefies. Loss of bearing
strength results when the soil supporting structures liquefies and causes structures to collapse.
After a liquefaction event, consolidation due to soil settlement can result in decreased soil
surface elevations.
Disaster History
During the 1994 Northridge earthquake, liquefaction occurred at the mouth of the Santa Clara
River in Oxnard, Ventura, Simi Valley,and along the Santa Clara River between Fillmore and
Newhall. Settlement and lateral spreading resulted in the rupture of an oil pipeline near the
Interstate 5 crossing of the Santa Clara River, directly east of Ventura County. The rupture
initiated an oil spill that contaminated large portions of the river downstream. Liquefaction also
caused damage to two major aqueduct pipelines in Simi Valley, resulting in prolonged loss of
water service in the Simi Valley area. Ground failure throughout Simi Valley caused numerous
reported service line breaks, roadway and curb damage,and considerable damage to private and
public property.
Location
The CGS has developed Seismic Hazard Zone Maps for portions of California. These maps show
zones where liquefaction and landslides may occur during a strong earthquake. A new Seismic
Hazard Zone Map was developed for Ventura County in 2003. Figure C-6 shows areas of
Ventura County that are susceptible to liquefaction.
The Seismic Hazard Zone Maps were originally developed under the requirement of the Seismic
Hazards Mapping Act of 1990,which directs CGS to delineate seismic hazard zones for public
health and safety. CGS prepared these maps by considering topography, surface and subsurface
geology, borehole data, historical ground-water levels,existing landslide features, slope gradient,
rock-strength measurements, geologic structure, and probabilistic earthquake shaking estimates.
A single earthquake or precipitation event capable of causing geologic hazard failures will not
uniformly affect an entire zone area; conversely there may be areas outside the zones that have
the potential for liquefaction or landslides that may not be identified.
Extent and Probability of Future Events
The potential for liquefaction in Ventura County is evident in flat areas that contain low-density,
saturated, sandy soils. Extensive young gravel, sand, and silt deposits in the Oxnard Plain and
along the Santa Clara River, shallow groundwater, and the presence of nearby potentially active
faults suggest that nearly all of Ventura County is susceptible to liquefaction-related hazards.
Because of the history of strong ground motions along active faults in the County, future events
are likely to trigger liquefaction.
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4162 Landslide
Nature of Hazard
Landslide is a general term for the dislodging and fall of a mass of soil or rocks along a sloped
surface or the,dislodged mass itself. The term is used for varying phenomena, including
mudflows, mudslides,debris flows, rock falls, rock slides, debris avalanches, debris slides, and
slump-earth flows.
Landslides can be earthquake-induced or non-earthquake induced. Earthquake-induced
landslides occur as a result of ground shaking. The most common earthquake-induced landslides
include shallow rock falls, disrupted rock slides, and disrupted slides of earth and debris.-Non-
earthquake induced landslides may involve a wide range of combinations of natural rock, soil, or
artificial fill. The susceptibility of hillside and mountainous areas to non-earthquake induced
landslides depends on variations in geology,topography, vegetation, and weather. They may also
occur due to indiscriminate development of sloping ground or the creation of cut-and-fill slopes
in areas of unstable or inadequately stable geologic conditions.Non-earthquake-induced
landslides can often occur as a result of intense or prolonged precipitation that can saturate
slopes and cause failures.
Disaster History
Landslides have occurred in areas along the Rincon Fault, hillsides south of the Santa Clara
River, and the east side of the Ventura River. In recent years,the most damaging landslides in
Ventura County have occurred in the coastal community of La Conchita, located just southeast
of the Santa Barbara county line. La Conchita has been the site of multiple non-earthquake
induced landslides.
La Conchita was built on ground that had been graded by the Southern Pacific Railroad after a
1909 landslide slid into the railroad tracks. The land was intended to be a buffer zone between
the retreating and eroding cliff and the Pacific Ocean. However, it was subdivided into smaller
residential lots in 1924. Along the bluff face above La Conchita,the upper portion of the bluff is
underlain by two rock formations separated by the Red Mountain fault.
The bluff above La Conchita has been associated with a variety of landslide activity, with
historical accounts dating back to 1865.More recently, two small slides occurred in 1988 and
1991, followed by large movements of the same landslide mass in 1995 and 2005. The 1995
landslide, which occurred 1 month after the heaviest rainfall of an extraordinarily wet year,was
considered to be a deep, slow-moving landslide. This landslide destroyed nine houses. The
January 2005 event was a shallow and highly fluid remobilization of the same material that
carried a thick layer of dry, viscous material. This landslide, which occurred at the peak of an
extremely wet 2-week period, killed 10 people and destroyed 13 homes. Approximately 400,000
tons of debris cascaded down the slope behind the La Conchita housing development. Historic
landslide locations are shown on Figure C-6.
Location
As noted in Section 4.3.2,the Seismic Hazard Zone Map for Ventura County was developed by
CGS in 2003 and shows earthquake-induced landslide hazard zones. These zones are shown on
Figure C-6. CGS has not prepared maps for Ventura County that identify hazards associated with
non-earthquake induced landslides. However, Ventura County has kept records of historical
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landslide areas, such as the La Conchita landslides. These areas are shown on Figure C-6 and are
likely to be sites of recurring non-earthquake induced landslides.
Extent and Probability of Future Events
Slope instability throughout much of Ventura County is greatly related to the intensity of the past
faulting and folding of strata,the weak rock and/or the clay content of certain sedimentary
formations, and the subsurface moisture content. Landslides and potentially unstable slopes are
especially common in weak rock formations in hillside areas underlain by sedimentary bedrock
of the Pico, Santa Barbara, Monterey/Modelo,and Rincon formations. Many landslides are also
associated with steep slopes that have been undercut by erosion(such as the several landslides
that have occurred along the easterly side of Big Sycamore Canyon northeast of Point Mugu) and
downslope inclination of bedding planes(such as in the Ventura Anticline area).
Despite the rugged physiography of the County's northern,mountainous areas,the strength of
the older bedrock in these areas reduces the incidence of landsliding.Nonetheless, many hillsides
and existing landslide features are only marginally stable; therefore, slight changes in conditions,
whether temporary(such as earthquake ground motion or intense rainfalls)or more long-term
(such as grading and irrigation), can trigger landsliding. In La Conchita, renewed landslide
activity will most likely occur during or after future periods of prolonged or intense rainfall.
Because of the history of occurrence and the potential for landslides as a result of the conditions
in the County, future events are likely to occur, based on historic landslides occurring about once
every 10 years. The extent of future events is unknown, but could be similar to historic events:
up to 400,000 tons or more of debris could be involved in one event.
4.3.7 Post-Fire Debris Flow
4.3.7.1 Nature of Hazard
The VCWPD's basins and dams play an important role in the control of floodwaters and
sediment in Ventura County. The debris basins capture primarily sediment mobilized by stream
and watershed erosion. Debris basins can also attenuate flood peaks if enough storage volume is
available in the basin and depending on the design of the outlet works. Debris basins are
designed primarily with outlet works and enough storage volume to significantly reduce flood
peaks but can also capture sediment. If basin volumes or dam designs exceed certain state
criteria,they are regulated as "state-size"basins by the DSOD. State-size basins store more than
50 acre-feet of water or have dams that are more than 25 feet tall and are inspected annually by
DSOD. VCWPD's state-size basins are Arundell Barranca, Ferro, Lang Creek, Las Llajas
Canyon, Runkle Canyon, Stewart Canyon Creek, and Sycamore Canyon Basins(see Table 4-4).
Wildfires are a common occurrence in the hills and mountainous regions of Ventura County. By
reducing or destroying vegetative cover and altering soil characteristics, fires often result in
conditions that can significantly increase runoff and erosion when winter rains begin to fall.
These conditions may result in a debris flow(also referred to as mud flow), which is a slurry of
water, sediment, and rock that converges in a stream channel.
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The threats of erosion, flooding,and debris flows are significantly increased by the following
processes:
• Reduced infiltration and increased runoff: A fire's consumption of vegetative cover
increases exposure of the soil surface to raindrop impact. Soil heating destroys organic matter
that binds the soil together. Extreme heating may also cause the development of water-
repellant, or"hydrophobic,"soil conditions that further reduce infiltration.
• Changes in hill slope conditions: Fires remove obstructions to overland flow, such as trees,
downed timber, and plants, increasing flow velocity and therefore erosive power. Increased
sediment movement also fills depressions,reducing storage capacity and further contributing
to increased velocity and volume of flow. These factors combine to allow more of the
watershed to contribute flow to the flood at the same time, increasing the volume of the
flood.
• Changes in channel conditions: Increased overland flow and sediment transport result in
increased velocity and volume of flow in defined channels. Channel erosion increases, as do
peak discharges.
The occurrence of erosion, floods, and debris flows in burned areas is also dependent on
precipitation intensity—storms with high intensity are more likely to initiate the processes
described above and result in flood events. Additionally, easily eroded soils facilitate changes in
hill slope conditions and increase the volume of runoff. Both of these conditions are likely to
occur in Ventura County.
In extreme situations, the conditions described above combine to form a debris flow. These flows
are often the most destructive events resulting from heavy rainfall in fire-affected areas. They
occur with little warning,carry vast quantities of rock and other material, and strike objects with
extreme force. Because of their viscosity and density, debris flows can move or carry away
objects as large as vehicles and bridges, and they may travel great distances down canyons and
stream valleys. Debris flow fronts may also travel at high speeds, exceeding 50 miles per hour.
In most cases, only large basins designed specifically to trap these flows are capable of resisting
the forces that accompany them. Table 4-7 lists the debris and detention basins owned by the
County.
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Table 4-7. Summary of Debris and Detention Basin Data for Facilities Owned by the
Ventura County Watershed Protection District
Expected
Maximum Annual Debris
Debris Sediment Production for
State- Watershe Storage Production 100-Year
Size Dam d Area Capacity (cubic Storm(cubic
Zone Basin Name (Y/N) (acres cubic yards) yards) yards)
1 Dent Debris Basin N 19 4,100 263 1,624
Live Oak Diversion Dam N 794 45,527 NA 20,952
McDonald Canyon Detention N 573 32,393 NA 20,179
Basin
Stewart Canyon Creek Debris Y 1,266 104,215 2,781 209,000
Basin
2 Adams Barranca Debris Basin N 5,387 72,023 3,792 149,00
Arundell Barranca Detention Y 1,754 223,150 5,308 22,576
Basin
Cavin Road Debris Basin N 90 4,100 362 13,413
Fagan Canyon Debris Basin N 1,856 72,000 4,800 104,600
Franklin Barranca Debris Basin N 330 5,050 890 11,507
Jepson Wash Debris Basin N 858 33,850 3,953 55,800
Real Wash Debris Basin N 160 22,000 5,225 11,500
Warring Canyon Debris Basin N 695 33,100 5,962 52,400
3 Castro Williams Debris Basin N 330 58,403 NA 8,599
Coyote Canyon Debris Basin N 4,400 24,500 2,938 152,459
Crestview Debris Basin N 1 80 2,350 100 1,005
Ed emore Debris Basin N 105 2,950 276 1,188
Erringer Road Debris Basin- N 315 33,250 900 11,633
Upper
Ferro Debris Basin Y 395 34,500 451 7,758
Fox Barranca Debris Basin N 3,100 14,700 3,060 99,181
Gabbert Canyon Debris Basin N 2,350 16,300 4,742 56,900
Honda West Debris Basin N 740 10,350 129 55,662
Line"C"Arroyo Simi Detention N 766 16,330 NA 12,956
Basin
Lang Creek Debris Basin N 2,325 26,942 NA 22,052
Lang Creek Detention Basin Y 2,352 425,270 NA 0
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Table 4-7. Summary of Debris and Detention Basin Data for Facilities Owned by the
Ventura County Watershed Protection District
Expected
Maximum Annual Debris
Debris Sediment Production for
State- Watershe Storage Production 100-Year
Size Dam d Area Capacity (cubic Storm(cubic
Zone Basin Name (acres) cubic ards yards) yards)
3 Las Llajas Canyon Detention Y 4,384 2,017,000 15,200 190,983
Dam
Las Posas Estates Detention N 168 24,684 655 1,018
Basin
Peach Hill Wash Retention Basin N 1,589 121,950 350 4,541
Ramona Detention Dam N 254 41,230 284 3,732
Runkle Canyon Detention Basin Y 958 161,000 3,200 41,613
Santa Rosa Road Debris Basin N 1,101 49,000 612 12,505
No.2
South Branch Arroyo Conejo N 2,542 50,417 10,000 100,850
Debris Basin
St.John's Debris Basin(to be N 240 50,000 NA 2,849
transferred
Sycamore Canyon Dam Y 4,380 106,460 1,000 59,260
Tao Hills No. 1 Detention Basin N 1 104 41,190 440 5,730
Tao Hills No.2 Debris Basin N 133 25,200 NA 4,000
West Camarillo Hills East Branch N 92 1,840 183 1,432
Debris Basin
West Camarillo Hills West N 74 5,250 1,103 1,268
Branch Debris Basin
4 Potrero Creek Sediment Control N 1,541 5,628 NA 10,340
Basin
Source:VCWPD 2005.
4.3.7.2 Disaster History
Evidence of debris-flow movement was widespread following the 1969 storms throughout the
mountain ranges in Ventura County. Debris flows occurred in numerous watersheds, including
Cozy Dell Canyon, Stewart Canyon, Senior Canyon, Orcutt Canyon,Jepson Wash, and others.
Mudflows also occurred in 1969 and 1971 in watersheds that were underlain by fine-grained
sedimentary rocks and had been more recently burned by wildfires near Ojai. Witnesses to the
mudflows described surges of what appeared to be mud covered with water behind a moving
boulder.
In recent years,post-fire debris flows have occurred in neighboring counties, most recently after
the 2003 wildfires that burned over 700,000 acres in southern California. Following the
wildfires, a storm on Christmas Day 2003 dropped several inches of rain in a short period of time
in the San Gabriel and San Bernardino mountain ranges in San Bernardino County
(approximately 80 miles east of Ventura County). The rainfall caused widespread occurrence of
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debris flows, including a 15-foot high wall of water and debris in Waterman Canyon that killed
16 people. Fifty-two homes were damaged and losses of residential and commercial buildings
and infrastructure were estimated to be $38 million.
4.3.7.3 Location
Portions of Ventura County that have been subject to wildfires are susceptible to potentially
hazardous debris flows. Areas susceptible to debris flow include localities that are adjacent to
and downslope of these burn areas, especially in locations that are in ravines and canyons and at
the mouths of canyons.
Figures C-7, C-8, and C-9 show debris basin areas of concern for post-fire debris flow.
4.3.7.4 Extent and Probability of Future Events
A comprehensive,watershed-by-watershed analysis of debris flow hazards is not available.
However, an exposure analysis was conducted with consideration of existing analyses performed
by the VCWPD and the locations of existing basins designed to reduce the threat from debris
flow hazards.
The VCWPD uses a computer program called SCOTSED to determine debris quantities and
bulked flow estimates for design storms. SCOTSED relies on an equation generated through
multiple linear regressions of channel cleanout data with rain gage data and parameters
representing watershed characteristics to estimate the expected debris load from a watershed.
The SCOTSED parameters include the following:
• Fire factor: Represents the condition of a watershed after a burn; VCWPD design standards
assume that a debris basin is designed to receive debris 4.5 years after a burn occurs. After a
burn, it is assumed that 6 months will elapse before a major storm occurs.
• Slope failure: Represents the area of identified unstable slopes and soils in a watershed
expected to yield significant quantities of sediment.
• Elongation ratio: Geometric factor that accounts for the shape of the watershed (long and
narrow,with relatively short overland flow paths versus short and broad with relatively long
overland flow paths).
• Rainfall factor: Generated using the 24-hour precipitation for a design storm to represent the
peak rainfall that occurs and the 10-day total rainfall that occurs to represent the antecedent
moisture conditions.
SCOTSED also calculates the increase in peak runoff rates due to bulking of the flow based on
data the VCWPD obtained from Los Angeles County. Because the SCOTSED algorithm was
developed using volumes of deposited suspended and bedload material, it does not include an
estimate of the wash load quantity. The increase in peak runoff rates due to bulking based on
these data range from an average of 40 to 60 percent.
To reduce the threat posed by debris flows in the hills and mountainous areas, the VCWPD (and
its predecessor, the Ventura County Flood Control District), Federal agencies, and private
landowners have constructed a network of debris basins in the canyons and stream valleys above
populated areas. The basins that VCWPD operates are listed in Table 4-7. These basins are
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designed to trap sediment and rock before it reaches populated areas or clogs downstream
channels,bridges,and culverts. The VCWPD periodically removes accumulated debris from its
basins when the debris storage reaches 25 percent of the estimated 100-year debris inflow. Aerial
topography of the basins is obtained every year,and the current debris contours are compared to
the design basin elevations to generate an estimate of the debris storage and compare it to the
100-year estimate. Current VCWPD design standards require a basin to have enough storage to
hold 125 percent of the estimated 100-year debris inflow so that it can reach the 25 percent
storage level and still have sufficient space for the expected 100-year debris flow.
To develop debris flow hazard information that could be used for the risk assessment in this
HMP,the following information was considered:
• The level of wildfire risk
• The potential for slope failure
• The existence of development in downstream areas
• The existence of VCWPD-operated debris basins and whether those basins are adequate to
provide protection during the occurrence of a 100-year event.As shown in Table 4-7, 10
VCWPD basins may not have adequate capacity to contain debris produced during a 100-
year event.
Extent of future occurrences is likely similar to past occurrences. The most recent fires which
had the potential of leading to a sizable amount of post-fire debris were the Piru and Semi
wildfires of 2003. The VCWPD used SCOTSED to evaluate potential debris production
following these two wildfires. The predicted bulking factors for the analyzed watersheds ranged
from an average increase of 42 percent at the lower storm recurrence intervals to an average
increase of 54 percent for the 100-year storm. The average increase in sediment yield from the
watersheds at all design storm levels from the SCOTSED program was 160 percent. For
example,the 100-year peak flow for the Pole Creek watershed tributary to the Santa Clara River
was estimated to increase from 5,740 to 9,930 cfs due to bulking, and the 100-year sediment
yield from the watershed was estimated to increase from 173,600 to 485,400 cubic yards due to
the burn. The 100-year peak flow for the Tapo Canyon watershed tributary to Arroyo Simi was
estimated to increase from 3,469 to 5,342 cfs due to bulking, and the 100-year sediment yield
from the watershed was estimated to increase from 149,100 to 436,300 cubic yards. Because the
winter of 2003-2004 was drier than normal, significant debris flows did not occur. However,
these analyses demonstrate the significant increase in the risk and the extent of a damaging event
after an extensive wildfire.
Ventura County has a long history of flooding and wildfires which are two major factors in
occurrence of post-fire debris flow. However,because a number of complex factors lead to
debris flow(rainfall,wildfire, and slope and soil conditions),the probability of post-fire debris
flow in Ventura County is unknown.
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4.3.8 Severe Winter Storm
4.3.8.1 Nature of Hazard
The climate on California's southern coast is hot Mediterranean, in which summers are hot and
dry and winters are cool and damp.A dominating factor in the weather of California is the semi-
permanent high pressure area of the North Pacific Ocean, sometimes called the Pacific High.
This pressure center moves northward in summer, holding storm tracks well to the north, and as
a result California receives little or no precipitation during that period. The Pacific High
decreases in intensity in winter and moves farther south,permitting storms to move into and
across the state and producing high winds,widespread rain at low elevations,and snow at high
elevations.Occasionally the state's circulation pattern permits a series of storm centers to move
into California from the Southwest. This type of storm pattern is responsible for occasional
heavy rains that can cause serious winter flooding. From mid-autumn to mid-spring is the rainy
season. During these months, winter storms may occur.
In addition to high winds and flooding,winter storms may bring hail and/or lightning to all areas
of the County. Winter storms can also bring extended periods of freezing temperatures,which
can cause damage to agricultural crops and lead to farming losses and loss of jobs.
4.3.8.2 Disaster History
Ventura County was included in the Presidential Disaster Declarations for freezing or severe
winter storms that occurred in December 1998 and January 2007. The 1998 freeze was
particularly damaging to citrus crops.
A review of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's(NOAA's)National
Climatic Data Center(NCDC) database reveals that, although not considered disasters, 71 storms
causing high winds occurred in Ventura County between 1996 and 2010. These storms included
wind speeds of up to nearly 100 miles per hour, and in rare cases,the storms caused deaths or
injuries. Storms with high winds also knocked down trees and power lines.
Also according to the NCDC database, 51 winter storms causing snow and ice have occurred in
Ventura County since 1996. Some of the storms also caused hail; in addition, four hailstorms
have been recorded in Ventura County since 1987, with reported hail of up to 1.5 inches in
diameter.
4.3.8.3 Location
Many events in the NCDC database described above affected all of Ventura County. The entire
County is susceptible to winter storms and damage from wind. However, only the higher
elevation areas (typically at or above 4,000 to 5,000 feet)experience snowfall,while lower
elevation areas experience heavy rains. Hail has occurred throughout the county.
4.3.8.4 Extent and Probability of Future Events
A storm can cause high rains, flooding, up to 18 inches of snow at the highest elevations in the
County(e.g., Mount Pinos), and wind speeds of up to 70 miles per hour. Hail of up to 1.5 inches
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in diameter has been recorded.Based on recent history, severe winter storms occur every year,
but those causing injury or damage occur about once every 10 years.
4.3.9 Tsunami
4.3.9.1 Nature of Hazard
A tsunami is a series of traveling ocean waves of extremely long length generated by
disturbances associated primarily with earthquakes occurring below or near the ocean floor.
Subduction zone earthquakes at plate boundaries often cause tsunamis. However,tsunamis can
also be generated by submarine landslides, submarine volcanic eruptions,the collapse of
volcanic edifices, and in very rare instances, large meteorite impacts in the ocean.
In the deep ocean,the length of a tsunami from wave crest to wave crest may be a hundred miles
or more but have a wave height of only a few feet or less. Thus,the wave period can be up to
several hours and wavelengths can exceed several hundred miles. Thus,tsunamis are unlike
typical wind-generated swells on the ocean, which might have a period of about 10 seconds and
a wavelength of up to 300 feet. Tsunamis cannot be felt aboard ships nor can they be seen from
the air in the open ocean. In deep water,the waves may reach speeds exceeding 700 miles per
hour.
Tsunamis reaching heights of more than 100 feet have been recorded. As a tsunami wave
approaches the shallow coastal waters, it appears normal and its speed decreases. Then as the
tsunami nears the coastline, it may grow to great height and smash into the shore, causing much
destruction.
Tsunamis not only affect beaches that are open to the ocean, but also bay mouths,tidal flats,and
the shores of large coastal rivers. Tsunami waves can also diffract around land masses. Since
tsunamis are not symmetrical, the waves may be much stronger in one direction than another,
depending on the nature of the source and the surrounding geography. However,tsunamis do
propagate outward from their source, so coasts in the shadow of affected land masses are usually
fairly safe.
Tsunamis can originate hundreds or even thousands of miles away from coastal areas. Local
geography may intensify the effect of a tsunami. Areas at greatest risk are less than 50 feet
above sea level and within one mile of the shoreline. Tsunamis arrive as a series of successive
"crests"(high water levels)and"troughs" (low water levels). These successive crests and
troughs can occur anywhere from 5 to 90 minutes apart. They usually occur 10 to 45 minutes
apart.
Tsunami run-up occurs when a peak in the tsunami wave travels from the near-shore region onto
shore. Run-up is usually expressed in meters above normal high tide. Except for the largest
tsunamis, such as the 2004 Indian Ocean event,tsunamis generally do not result in giant
breaking waves (like normal surf waves at the beach that curl over as they approach shore).
Rather,they come in much like very strong and fast-moving tides (i.e., strong surges and rapid
changes in sea level). Much of the damage inflicted by tsunamis is caused by strong currents and
floating debris. Tsunamis often travel much farther inland than normal waves. Most deaths
during a tsunami are a result of drowning. Associated risks include flooding,polluted water
supplies, and damaged gas lines.
LITIGATION PUNNING-PLL GIIENT5IGPLIFORNN HMPS\VERTURA CAUNTV OES HMP 3010 UPDATE\UPOATEO VERSION TO DELIVER TO CLIENT 10.1SORPFT VERT...COUNTY RMP MAIN BODY 100]10.000 4-31
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4.3.9.2 Disaster History
According to the NOAA National Geophysical Data Center Website, 13 tsunami run-ups have
been recorded or observed on the Ventura County coastal area since 1812.More information
about tsunami run-ups is provided in Table 4-8.
Table 4-8. Past Tsunami Run-ups in Ventura County
Year Location Tsunami Cause Water Height feet
1812 City of Ventura Earthquake and Landslide 6.5
1941 Port Hueneme Earthquake —
1944 Port Hueneme Earthquake 0.36
1946 Port Hueneme Earthquake 2.6
1946 City of Ventura Earthquake —
1952 Port Hueneme Earthquake 0.36
1952 Port Hueneme Earthquake 2.2
1957 Port Hueneme Earthquake 1.7
1958 Port Hueneme Earthquake 0.33
1960 Port Hueneme Earthquake 4.4
1964 City of Ventura Earthquake and Landslide —
1964 Oxnard Earthquake and Landslide —
Source:NCDC 2010.
—=no data available
Data regarding property damage, deaths,or injuries for these tsunami run-ups are not available,
except for the 1960 tsunami at Port Hueneme, in which the value of the damage was listed as less
than$1 million.
In April 2010; a major earthquake off the coast of Chile generated a tsunami; the effects of the
tsunami in Ventura County were felt approximately 12 hours after the earthquake. A rapid
change in sea level caused in excess of$200,000 damage to structures and vessels in Ventura
Harbor.
4.3.9.3 Location
Figure C-10 shows a tsunami inundation map prepared by the CGS. This map illustrates coastal
land areas that can become submerged due to tsunami run-up. The area of land subject to
inundation is a factor o£
• Distance of shoreline from the tsunami generating event
• Magnitude of the earthquake causing the event; duration and period of waves
• Run-up elevations
• Tidal level at time of occurrence
LITIGATION PLANNING-ALL CLIENTSICALIFORNIAHM-ENTURA COUNTY OES HMP 2010 UPDATE\UPDATED VERSION TO DELIVER TO CLIENT 10.15 1DRAFT VENTURA COUNTY HMP_MAIN RODV 100)10.DOC 4-32
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SEMINFOUR Hazard PA81VSIS
• Location along shore and direction of shore in respect to propagated waves
• Topography of the seabed
4.3.9.4 Extent and Probability of Future Events
Tsunamis that reach the California coast can be caused by local or distant sources.Local sources
include local earthquakes and landslides off the California, Oregon, and Washington coasts.
However, earthquakes off the southern California coast(south of Cape Mendocino)take place
mainly on strike-slip faults,and because the movement they generate is mostly lateral, tsunamis
from local sources are less likely to occur in Ventura County because the ocean floor and
overlying water is not typically thrust upward.
The primary tsunami threat along the southern California coast is from distant source
earthquakes elsewhere in the Pacific basin, including South America. For example,the
magnitude 9.5 earthquake in Chile in 1960, the largest earthquake ever recorded, resulted in a
1.6-meter(5.2-foot)wave that reached Santa Monica about 14 hours after the earthquake.
Based on the history of tsunami run-ups in the region and the history of earthquakes in the
Pacific Rim, another tsunami event is likely to occur. Historical data show that tsunamis tend to
occur about once every 17 years on average, although there have been no recorded run-ups since
1964 according to the NOAA National Geophysical Data Center. The average water height of
the past run-ups is 27 inches. The extent of tsunami run-ups that may occur in the future can be
similar to past tsunami run-ups, or higher if the run-ups are due to a tsunami caused by an
extremely large earthquake.
4.3.10 Wildfire
4.3.10.1 Nature of Hazard
A wildfire is an uncontrolled fire that spreads through consumption of vegetation. Wildfires
often begin unnoticed, spread quickly,and are usually signaled by dense smoke that may be
visible from miles around. Wildfires can be human-caused by arson or campfires or can be
caused by natural events such as lightning. Wildfires can be categorized into four types:
• Wildland fires occur mainly in areas under Federal control, such as national forests and
parks, and are fueled primarily by natural vegetation.
• Interface or intermix fires occur in areas where both vegetation and structures provide fuel.
These are also referred to as urban-wildland interface fires.
0 Firestorms occur during extreme weather(typically high temperatures, low humidity, and
high winds)with such intensity that fire suppression is virtually impossible. These events
typically burn until the conditions change or the fuel is exhausted.
• Prescribed fires and prescribed natural fires are intentionally set or natural fires that are
allowed to burn for beneficial purposes.
The following three factors contribute significantly to wildfire behavior, and as described more
fully below,these factors can be used to identify wildfire hazard areas:
TIGRTION PIANNINGgLL CLIENTS\CgIIFORNIq HMPS\VENTURACOUNTY OES NMP 1010 UPDgTE\UPDATED VERSION TO OEIIVEN TO CLIENT 10.15\UMFT VENTURA COUNTY MMP MAIN 80DV 100110.DOC 4-33
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SELMONFOUR Hazard AMNSiS
• Topography: As slope increases,the rate of wildfire spread increases. South-facing slopes
are also subject to greater solar radiation,making them drier and thereby intensifying wildfire
behavior. However,ridgetops may mark the end of wildfire spread because fire spreads more
slowly or may even be unable to spread downhill.
• Fuel: The type and condition of vegetation plays a significant role in the occurrence and
spread of wildfires. Certain types of plants are more susceptible to burning or burn with
greater intensity. Dense or overgrown vegetation increases the amount of combustible
material available to fuel the fire(referred to as the"fuel load"); the ratio of living to dead
plant matter is also important. The risk of fire is increased significantly during periods of
prolonged drought as the moisture content of both living and dead plant matter decreases.
The fuel's continuity is also an important factor, both horizontally and vertically.
• Weather: The most variable factor affecting wildfire behavior is weather. Variables such as
temperature, humidity, wind, and lightning can affect chances for ignition and spread of fire.
Extreme weather, such as high temperatures and low humidity, can lead to extreme wildfire
activity. By contrast, cooling and higher humidity often signals reduced wildfire occurrence
and easier containment. Years of precipitation followed by warmer years tend to encourage
more widespread fires and longer burn periods. Also, since the mid 1980s, earlier snowmelt
and associated warming due to global climate change has been associated with longer and
more severe wildfire seasons in the western United States.
If not promptly controlled, wildfire may grow into an emergency or disaster. Even small fires
can threaten lives and resources and destroy improved properties. It is also important to note that
in addition to affecting people,wildfire may severely affect livestock and pets. Such events may
require the emergency watering/feeding, shelter, evacuation, and even burying of animals.
Wildfires can have serious effects on the local environment. In addition to stripping the land of
vegetation and destroying forest resources, large, intense fires can harm the soil,waterways and
the land itself. Soil exposed to intense heat may lose its capacity to absorb moisture and support
life. Exposed soils erode quickly and enhance siltation of rivers and streams,thereby enhancing
flood potential, harming aquatic life, and degrading water quality. Lands stripped of vegetation
are also subject to increased debris flow hazards, as described above. Wildfires can also greatly
affect the air quality of the surrounding area.
4.3.10.2 Disaster History
Wildfires are a common occurrence in Ventura County. From 1953 to 2009, 72 wildfires, each
with an extent greater than 1,000 acres, occurred in Ventura County (see Table 4-9). 24 of the
fires burned more than 10,000 acres. In more recent years, wildfires have been among the largest
ever recorded, but they have also been less detrimental to infrastructure and emergency
responders. In October 2007,the Ranch fire burned just over 58,000 acres, and the Day fire of
September 2006 was responsible for almost 163,000 burned acres; one home was destroyed and
no injuries have been recorded. In comparison, in October 2003,the Piru fire burned almost
64,000 acres and the Simi Valley fire burned over 108,000 acres. These fires destroyed 40 homes
and injured over 40 people.
TIGRTION PUNNING-PLL CLIENTSICNLIFORNIq MMPS\VENTURA COUNTY OES HMP 3010 UPDATE\UPDATED VEft510M TO DELIVER TO CLIENT t0.1SDRAFT VENTUft.....Y MMP_MNN BODY_10D]t D.DOC 4-34
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SEMINFOUR Nazard A081WIS
Table 4-9. Ventura County Fires of Over 1,000 Acres, 1953-2009
Start Acres Start Acres
Name Date Affected* Name Date Affected*
Ventu Park 11155 13,840 Peach Hill 10/85 1,861
Hoffman Red Mtn. 08/55 1,200 Pioneer 10/85 1,238
Sexton Canyon 12/56 2,500 South Tao 10/85 16,995
Little Sycamore 12/56 1,617 Ferndale 10/85 47,064
Lake Sherwood 12/56 7,747 Rock Peak 10/85 1,983
Cone'o Grade 06/57 1,000 Fish 10/87 4,341
Santa Susana Pass 07/57 1,482 Pe ertree Control 11/87 1,088
Boulder Creek 08/57 3,987 Hall-Barlow Control 05/88 2,227
Calumet Canyon 10/58 17,000 Piru 09/88 12,068
Broome Ranch 11/59 1,350 Kuehner 09/88 3,761
Doncon&Fletcher 1/61 2,700 Pacific 10/89 3,153
Culbert Lease 12/62 5,525 Los Padres 1991 2,849
Warring Canyon 08/67 3,808 Broome Ranch Control 07/92 1,310
Sence Ranch 10/67 17,431 Green Meadow 10/93 38,477
Ditch Road 10/67 11,20 Steckel 10/93 27,088
Parker Ranch 10/67 25,000 Dragnet 10/93 1,962
Timber Canyon 10/67 11,448 Wheel 10/93 1,475
Torrey Canyon 11/69 1,800 Bound 1 07/95 1,010
Ventura City Foothill 09/70 5,241 Aliso II 11/96 1,200
Mao Brush 09/70 4,390 Sexton II Control 09/96 1,273
Goodenough Road 10/71 2,100 Grand 07/96 1 10,949
Potrero 09/73 12,214 Hopper Control 08/97 1,500
Sence Ranch 09/73 1,008 Hopper 08/97 24,793
South Mountain 11/75 6,500 Piru 10/98 12,613
Potrero 12/75 2,773 Ranch 12/99 4,371
Los Robles 06/76 2,000 Leslie Control 06/99 1 1,087
Santa Susana 09/79 1,003 Bradley 12/99 3,332
Creek Road 09/79 32,000 Holser 07/99 2,525
Hill Canyon 10/80 8,700 Piru 10/03 63,991
South Mountain 10/80 3,600 Simi Valle 10/03 108,204
Loma 06/81 1,331 To an a 09/05 24,175
Oat Mountain 10/81 6,005 School 11/05 3,891
Matilija 7/83 4,600 Day 09/06 162,702
Grimes 5/84 11,164 Shekell 12/06 13,600
Squaw Flat 10/84 6,010 Ranch** 10/07 1 58,401
Wheeler 7/85 118,000 Guiberson 09/09 17,500
Black Mountain 7/85 1,025
Source:Cal FIRE 2010.
Control=controlled burn
*Acres affected=total acreage
**Fire occurred in both Ventura and Los Angeles counties.
LITIGATION PUNNING-ALL CLIENTS\CALIFORNIA HMPStVENTURq COUNTY OES MMP 2010 UPOgTEW ROATEO VERSION TO OELNER TO CLIENT 10.iS0lUFT VENTURACOUNTY HMP_MAIN BOOV 100]tO.DOC 4-35
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SECTI®NFOUR hazard ARBIVS13
4.3.10.3 Location
Public Resources Code 4201-4204 and Government Code 51175-89 directed Cal FIRE to map
areas of significant fire hazards based on fuels,terrain,weather, and other relevant factors. These
zones are referred to as Fire Hazard Severity Zones and represented as very high,high and
moderate. Specifically,the maps were created using data and models describing development
patterns,potential fuels over a 30-50 year time horizon, expected fire behavior,and expected
burn probabilities. The maps are divided into "local responsibility areas"and"state
responsibility areas". Local responsibility areas generally include cities,cultivated agriculture
lands, and portions of the desert. Local responsibility area fire protection is typically provided by
city fire departments, fire protection districts, counties, and by Cal FIRE under contract to the
local government. State responsibility area is a legal term defining the area where the State has
financial responsibility for wildfire protection. Incorporated cities and Federal ownership are not
included. The prevention and suppression of fires in all areas that are not state responsibility
areas are primarily the responsibility of Federal or local agencies.
Figure C-11 displays the areas of Ventura County most susceptible to wildfires. Within the
County,zones of very high fire hazard severity are located in mountainous or hillside areas(west
of Lake Casitas, northeast of Ojai, north of Fillmore, and surrounding Thousand Oaks and Simi
Valley)where the greatest fuel density exists as well as throughout much of the County's large
agricultural and cattle-grazing areas. Although these areas are not heavily populated,they are
near populated communities.
4.3.10.4 Extent and Probability Future Events
The climate in Ventura County is characterized as Mediterranean dry-summer featuring cool,
wet winters and warm, dry summers. High moisture levels during the winter rainy season
significantly increase the growth of plants. However,the vegetation is dried during the long, hot
summers, decreasing plant moisture content and increasing the ratio of dead fuel to living fuel.
As a result, fire susceptibility increases dramatically, particularly in late summer and early
autumn. In addition,the presence of chaparral, a drought-resistant variety of vegetation that is
dependent on occasional wildfires, is expected in Mediterranean dry-summer climates. Also,the
history of plant succession in Ventura County is important in predicting fire susceptibility. For
several years after a fire has occurred, easily flammable herbaceous species predominate and
increase the likelihood of new fires. When woody species become re-established,they contribute
to a lower overall level of fire susceptibility for approximately 10 years. However,after this
period,the slow aging plant community becomes ever more likely to burn because of increased
levels of dead plant material and lowered plant moisture levels.
In addition,the local meteorological phenomenon known as the Santa Ana winds contributes to
the high incidence of wildfires in Ventura County. These winds originate during the autumn
months in the hot, dry interior deserts to the north and east of Ventura County. They often sweep
west into the County, bringing extremely dry air and high wind speeds that further desiccate
plant communities during the period of the year when the constituent species have very low
moisture content. The effect of these winds on existing fires is particularly dangerous; the winds
can greatly increase the rate at which fires spread.
.LITIGATION PUNNING-RLL CLIENTS\C/LLIFORNIA MMPS\VENNftR COUNTY OES MMP 3010 UPDTEWPATED VERSION TO DELIVEfl TO CLIENT 10.15\MFT VENTIIRRCOUNTY XMP MWN BODY_100]10.DOC 4-36
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SECRCNFOUR Hazard PA81VSIS
Based on the conditions described above and the history of occurrence in the past, future events
are very likely to occur. In the past, fires burning over 1,000 acres have occurred about every 1-3
years. The extent of future events will depend on specific conditions at the time of the fire.
TiGAT10NPUNNING-ALL DLIENTSICALIFOftNIA MMP5IVENTURA LODHTY OES HMP 1010 UPDATE\UPDATED VERSgN TO DELIVER TO CLIENT l0.i5tpRAFf VENTURA COUNTY NMP_MAIN BODY_10U)t0.00C 4-37
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SEMI FIVE Vulnerability Analysis
5.1 VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS OVERVIEW
A vulnerability analysis predicts the extent of exposure that may result from a hazard event of a
given intensity in a given area. The analysis provides quantitative data that may be used to
identify and prioritize potential mitigation measures by allowing communities to focus attention
on areas with the greatest risk of damage.
Per the local mitigation planning requirements,this vulnerability analysis consists of the
following seven steps:
• Asset inventory
• Methodology
• Data limitations
• Exposure analysis
• RL and SRL properties
• Summary of impacts
Tables that support the asset inventory,exposure analysis,RL properties, and summary of
impacts are provided in each local-participant-specific appendix(Appendix G through
Appendix X).
5.2 ASSET INVENTORY
Assets that were included in this HMP's vulnerability analysis are as follows:
• Population(for the unincorporated area of Ventura County and the participating cities)
• Residential building stock(for the unincorporated area of Ventura County and the
participating cities)
• RL properties(for the County of Ventura,the City of Oxnard,the City of Santa Paula, the
City of Thousand Oaks, and the City of Ventura)
• Critical facilities and infrastructure:
- Government facilities for Ventura County and participating cities
- Community facilities, including libraries, community centers, and parks
- County jails
- Emergency response facilities, including police and fire stations
- Public hospitals and medical clinics
- Public utilities, including pump stations, electric substations, potable water facilities,
wastewater facilities, wells, dams, reservoirs,debris basins hydrostations, meter stations,
and stream and river gages (including those used for emergency warnings)
UM-MITIGATNNPLANNING-ALLCLIENTS%GLIFORNWHMPSkVENTURACOUNTYOESHMP2010UPOATEWPOATMVERSRN TO DELIVER TO CLIENT 10.15OM"VENTURACOUNTYHMP_MAIN BODV_t00110.DOC 5-1
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SELMINFIVE Vulnembliny Analysis
- Educational facilities, including school buildings and district offices
- Transportation infrastructure, including airports,transit stations,and County-maintained
bridges
The total assets inventoried for each local participant are located within the first table of each
local-participant-specific appendix(Appendix G through Appendix X).
5.3 METHODOLOGY
A conservative exposure-level analysis was conducted to assess the risks associated with the
identified hazards. This analysis is a simplified assessment of the potential effects of the hazards
on values at risk without consideration of the probability or level of damage.
Population and residential building information was derived from HAZUS data at the census
block level. HAZUS stands for HAZards United States, and is a geographic information system-
based natural hazard loss estimation software package developed and distributed by FEMA.
Counts and values per census block come from the 2000 Census. In cases in which the census
blocks did not exactly match with city boundaries, a manual process was used to better match
population and residential buildings to each city.Population and residential building
vulnerability was determined through a combination of spatial overlay,and proportional analysis
if only part of the census block was affected by the hazard.
The list of critical facilities and infrastructure came from a combination of HAZUS-provided
facilities and infrastructure and participant-provided facilities information. The only HAZUS-
provided critical facilities and infrastructure used were ones that are directly relevant to the plan.
Some of the HAZUS data were modified using an aerial photo to improve the accuracy of their
locations. Participant-provided facilities and infrastructure were submitted with either a full
street address, latitude and longitude coordinates,or with a verbal description of the location of
the facility(e.g., %2 mile west of an intersection). Facilities and infrastructure with a full street
address were located through address matching (geocoding) in GIS. Addresses that didn't match
were located through Google Earth and then imported into the GIS database. The accuracy of the
point location for a critical facility or infrastructure will vary depending on the method used. For
example, the latitude and longitude coordinates are very precise,while the address match is less
precise. Critical facility point locations were overlaid onto each hazard to determine
vulnerability.
If the location representing the asset fell within a hazard area, it was counted as impacted.
Estimated replacement values were provided by each local participant, if available. If not
available, the estimated replacement value was taken from HAZUS for the type or category of
facility.
For each physical asset located within a hazard area, exposure was calculated by assuming the
worst-case scenario (that is,the asset would be completely destroyed and would have to be
replaced). The aggregate exposure, in terms of replacement value or insurance coverage, for each
category of structure or facility was calculated. A similar analysis was used to evaluate the
proportion of the population at risk. However, the analysis simply represents the number of
people at risk; no estimate of the number of potential injuries or deaths was prepared.
MRIGATION PUNNING-ILLLCLIENTS\CRLIFORNINMPS\VENTURR COUNTYOES HMP2p10lIPoATEWPDATEOVEft510N TO DELIVEF TO CLIENT 10.15\DMFf VENTURACOUNTY HMP M.IN BODT_100J10.DOC ✓-2
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SEMONFIVE Vulnerabiift Analysis
5.4 DATA LIMITATIONS
The vulnerability estimates provided herein use the best data currently available,and the
methodologies applied result in an approximation of risk. These estimates may be used to
understand relative risk from hazards and potential losses. However, uncertainties are inherent in
any loss estimation methodology, arising in part from incomplete scientific knowledge
concerning hazards and their effects on the built environment as well as the use of
approximations and simplifications that are necessary for a comprehensive analysis.
It is also important to note that the quantitative vulnerability assessment results are limited to the
exposure of people, buildings, and assets to the identified hazards. It was beyond the scope of
this HMP update to develop a more detailed or comprehensive assessment of risk(including
annualized losses,people injured or killed, shelter requirements, loss of facility/system function,
and economic losses). Such impacts may be addressed with future updates of the HMP.
5.5 EXPOSURE ANALYSIS
The recommendations for identifying structures and estimating potential losses, as stipulated in
DMA 2000 and its implementing regulations, are described below.
DMA 2000 RECOMMENDATIONS:RISK ASSESSMENT
Assessing Vulnerability: Identifying Structures
Requirement§201.6(c)(2)(ii)(A):The plan should describe vulnerability in terms of the types and numbers of
existing and future buildings,infrastructure,and critical facilities located in the identified hazard area.
Element
• Does the new or updated plan describe vulnerability in terms of the types and numbers of existing buildings,
infrastructure,and critical facilities located in the identified hazard areas?
• Does the new or updated plan describe vulnerability in terms of the types and numbers of future buildings,
infrastructure,and critical facilities located in the identified hazard areas?
Source:FEMA 2008.
Vulnerable population and existing structures, including residential buildings and critical
facilities and infrastructure, at risk to each identified hazard are located in each local-participant-
specific appendix(Appendix G through Appendix X). For Ventura County and the participating
cities,the exposure analysis was prepared for population, residential buildings, and critical
facilities and infrastructure. In addition, for Ventura County and the City of Oxnard, the City of
Santa Paula,the City of Thousand Oaks, and the City of Ventura, RL properties are also included
in each local participant's analysis. The analysis for each Special District included only the
critical facilities and/or infrastructure owned or maintained by the Special District.
OMITIGATION PLANNING-hLL CLIENTS\CPIIFORNIP HMPSIVENTURA COUNTY OES HMPMIO UPOATEWPDTEO VERSION TO DELNER TO Cl1ENT 10.15pMFT VENTURA COUNTY HMP MAIN BODY IOOl10.DOO 5-2
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SEMONFIVE VulnerablINV AN11srs
DMA 2000 RECOMMENDATIONS:RISK ASSESSMENT
Assessing Vulnerability:Estimating Potential Losses
Requirement§201.6(c)(2)(ii)(B): [The plan should describe vulnerability in terms of an]estimate of the potential
dollar losses to vulnerable structures identified in paragraph(c)(2)(i)(A)of this section and a description of the
methodology used to prepare the estimate.
Element
• Does the new or updated plan estimate potential dollar losses to vulnerable structures?
• Does the new or updated plan reflect changes in development in loss estimates?
• Does the new or updated plan describe the methodology used to prepare the estimate?
Source:FEMA 2008.
The estimated potential dollar losses for residential buildings and critical facilities and
infrastructure at risk to each identified hazard are shown in each local-participant-specific
appendix(Appendix G through Appendix X). As noted previously, estimated values were
provided by the local jurisdiction or HAZUS software, if available. The methodology used to
prepare the estimate is described in Section 5.3.
5.6 RL PROPERTIES
The requirements for addressing RL properties, as stipulated in DMA 2000 and its implementing
regulations, are described below.
DMA 2000 REQUIREMENTS: RISK ASSESSMENT
Assessing Vulnerability:Addressing Repetitive Loss Properties
Requirement§201.6(c)(2)(ii): [The risk assessment]must address NFIP-insured structures that have been
repetitively damaged by floods.
Element
■ Does the new or updated plan describe vulnerability in terms of the types and numbers of Repetitive Loss
properties located in the identified hazard areas?
Source:FEMA 2008.
There are 61 RL properties, including 3 SRL properties, located in the unincorporated area of
Ventura County,6 RL properties in the City of Oxnard, 3 RL properties in the City of Santa
Paula, 3 RL properties in the City of Thousand Oaks, and 4 RL properties in the City of Ventura.
The majority of these properties are single family homes. A few of the properties are 2-4 family
homes and multifamily condos.
Information about each RL property, including occupancy type, flood insurance status, flood
zone, and number of losses, is located in the local-participant-specific appendix for Ventura
County (Appendix G) and the cities of Oxnard (Appendix K), Santa Paula(Appendix M),
Thousand Oaks (Appendix N), and Ventura(Appendix O). A RL property map is provided in
Appendix C, Figure C-12. This information was obtained using FEMA's SQANet dated April
30, 2010. The VCWPD,the NFIP coordinator for Ventura County, has made revisions to the RL
property data for the county, based on the new DFIRM. These revisions have been incorporated
into this plan.
pMITiGATION PLANNING-ALl C4ENT5\CALIFORNIA HMPS\VENTURA COUNTY OES MMP 1010 UPDATE\l1PDATEI)VERSION TO DELIVER TO CLIENT 10.15\lMl1Fi VENTURA COUNTY HMP_MAIN BODV_100110.DOC 5-4
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SECTIONFIVE Vuinerabiiiy Anabsis
5.7 SUMMARY OF IMPACTS
The requirements for an overview of the vulnerability analysis, as stipulated in DMA 2000 and
its implementing regulations,are described below.
DMA 2000 REQUIREMENTS:RISK ASSESSMENT
Assessing Vulnerability:Overview
Requirement§201.6(c)(2)(ii): [The risk assessment shall include a]description of the jurisdiction's vulnerability to
the hazards described in paragraph(c)(2)(i)of this section.This description shall include an overall summary of
each hazard and its impact on the community.
Element
• Does the new or updated plan include an overall summary description of the jurisdiction's vulnerability to each
hazard?
• Does the new or updated plan address the impact of each hazard on the jurisdiction?
Source:FEMA 2008.
The summary of impacts(i.e.,percentage at risk) for the population, residential buildings, and
critical facilities and infrastructure at risk to each identified hazard are shown in each local-
participant specific appendix(Appendix G through Appendix X) for Ventura County and each
participating city. For special districts, the analysis only includes the critical facilities owned or
maintained by the Special District.
Based on the 2010 HMP's hazard analysis and vulnerability analysis as well previous State and
Presidential Disaster Declarations in Ventura County, the County is most vulnerable to
earthquakes,coastal and riverine flood hazards, geologic hazards, and wildfire hazards.
• Nearly the entire County is located within high and extreme shaking hazard areas. The
extreme shaking hazard areas include the central and northern portions of Ventura County,
where all but three cities(Simi Valley, Thousand Oaks, and Port Hueneme) are located. As a
result,the intense shaking that the County could experience may compromise modern
buildings and infrastructure.
• Riverine and coastal flooding is prevalent within the three Ventura County watersheds
(Ventura River, Santa Clara River, and Calleguas Creek) and along the county's coastline.
Ventura County and all of the cities have SFHAs. However, flood risks are minimal in the
cities of Ojai, Thousand Oaks, and Ventura.
• All but the three watershed areas are susceptible to landslide hazards. These hilly or
mountainous areas include the northern, eastern, and southern portion of the County,
including portion of the cities of Fillmore, Moorpark, Ojai, Santa Paula, Simi Valley,
Thousand Oaks, and Ventura. The watersheds,and specifically the broad coastal plains, are
susceptible to liquefaction. Only a very small portion of the cities of Ojai and Thousand Oaks
are susceptible to liquefaction while several areas if not all areas of the other cities are
susceptible to liquefaction.
• Very high fire hazard areas are located in mountainous or hillside areas of the Los Padres
National Forest in the northern half of the County and throughout much of the County's large
agricultural and cattle-grazing areas in the eastern and southern portions of the County.
Although these wildfire hazard areas are not heavily populated, the majority of the cities
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(with the exception of Camarillo, Oxnard, and Port Hueneme)and several towns within the
unincorporated County are located along the wildland urban interface,where the built
environment meets the wildland.
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SEMONSIX Capability Assessment
6.1 CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT OVERVIEW
A capability assessment is not required by the DMA 2000 for local jurisdictions and special
districts. However, it is recommended by CalEMA. A capability assessment identifies and
evaluates the human and technical, financial, and legal and regulatory resources available for
hazard mitigation,and describes the current, ongoing, and recently completed mitigation
projects.
6.2 CALEMA CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
The recommendations for developing a local capability assessment, as stipulated in DMA 2000
and its implementing regulations,are described below.
DMA 2000 RECOMMENDATIONS: LOCAL CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT
Local Capability Assessment
Element
• Does the new or updated plan provide a description of the human and technical resources available within this
jurisdiction to engage in a mitigation planning process and to develop a local hazard mitigation plan?
• Does the new or updated plan list local mitigation financial resources and funding sources(such as taxes,fees,
assessments or fines)which promote mitigation within the reporting jurisdiction?
• Does the new or updated plan list local ordinances which affect or promote disaster mitigation,preparedness,
response,or recovery within the reporting jurisdiction?
• Does the new or updated plan describe the details of in-progress,ongoing,or completed mitigation projects and
programs within the reporting jurisdiction?
Source:FEMA 2008.
Similar to the 2005 HMP,the human and technical, financial, and legal and regulatory resources
are discussed in each local-participant-specific appendix(Appendix G through Appendix X). In
addition,the 2010 HMP lists the current, ongoing, and completed mitigation projects and
programs. This information can also be found in each local-participant-specific appendix
(Appendix G through Appendix X).
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SEMINSEVEN miinyation Strategy
7.1 MITIGATION STRATEGY OVERVIEW
A mitigation strategy includes the identification of mitigation goals and actions that will reduce
the risks of each hazard and vulnerability to the local population and built environment for each
local participant.
Per the local mitigation planning requirements,this mitigation strategy consists of the following
four steps:
• Local hazard mitigation goals
• Identification and analysis of mitigation actions
• Implementation of mitigation actions
• Identification and analysis of mitigation actions for NFIP compliance
7.2 MITIGATION GOALS
The requirements for developing local hazard mitigation goals,as stipulated in DMA 2000 and
its implementing regulations, are described below.
DMA 2000 REQUIREMENTS: MITIGATION STRATEGY
Local Hazard Mitigation Goals
Requirement§201.6(c)(3)(i): [The hazard mitigation strategy shall include a]description of mitigation goals to
reduce or avoid long-term vulnerabilities to the identified hazards.
Element
■ Does the new or updated plan include a description of mitigation goals to reduce or avoid long-term
vulnerabilities to the identified hazards?
Source:FEMA 2008.
Mitigation goals are defined as general guidelines that explain what a community wants to
achieve in terms of hazard and loss prevention. Goal statements are typically long-range, policy-
oriented statements representing community-wide vision. For the 2010 HMP,the consultant and
Planning Committee developed one goal for each identified hazard. As shown in Table 7-1,these
goals are agricultural biological; earthquake; flooding(riverine and coastal flooding, dam failure,
and levee failure); geological (liquefaction and landslide);post-fire debris flow; severe winter
storm; tsunami; and wildfire.
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Table 7-1.Mitigation Goals
Goal Number Goal Description
I Reduce the possibility of damages and losses due to agricultural biological hazards.
2 Reduce the possibility of damages and losses due to earthquakes.
3 Reduce the possibility of damages and losses due to flooding,including riverine and coastal
flooding,dam failure,and levee failure.
4 Reduce the possibility of damages and losses due to geological hazards,including liquefaction and
landslide.
5 Reduce the possibility of damages and losses due to post-fire debris flow.
6 Reduce the possibility of damages and losses due to severe winter storm.
Reduce the possibility of damages and losses due to severe tsunami.
Reduce the possibility of damages and losses due to severe wildfires.
7.3 IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF MITIGATION ACTIONS
The requirements for the identification and analysis of mitigation actions, as stipulated in DMA
2000 and its implementing regulations, are described below.
DMA 2000 REQUIREMENTS: MITIGATION STRATEGY
Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Actions
Requirement§201.6(c)(3)(ii): [The mitigation strategy shall include a]section that identifies and analyzes a
comprehensive range of specific mitigation actions and projects being considered to reduce the effects of each
hazard,with particular emphasis on new and existing buildings and infrastructure.
Element
• Does the plan identify and analyze a comprehensive range of specific mitigation actions and projects for each
hazard?
• Do the identified actions and projects address reducing the effects of hazards on new buildings and
infrastructure?
• Do the identified actions and projects address reducing the effects of hazards on existing buildings and
infrastructure?
• Does the mitigation strategy identify actions related to the participation in and continued compliance with the
NFIP?
Source:FEMA 2008.
Mitigation actions are activities,measures, and/or projects that help achieve the goals of a
mitigation plan. Mitigation actions are usually grouped into six broad categories: prevention,
property protection,public education and awareness, natural resource protection, emergency
services, and structural projects.
In the 2005 HMP, the Planning Committee developed overarching mitigation actions to be
applied throughout the county. In addition, each local participant identified other jurisdiction-
specific mitigation actions by reviewing existing resources, identifying past success stories and
best management practices, and soliciting input from pertinent departments including planning,
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SECTI®NSEVEN NW98den 3=09V
public works,and emergency management staff.As a result of both mitigation action
identification processes,each local participant developed several dozen mitigation actions.
During the 2010 HMP update process,the Planning Committee reviewed the 2005 HMP
mitigation strategy. This process revealed that the majority of the mitigation actions identified in
the 2005 HMP were not suitable to be included in the 2010 HMP for the following reasons:
• Mitigation actions were ineligible for FEMA funding
• Mitigation actions were emergency response,preparedness, and/or recovery focused rather
than mitigation focused
• Mitigation actions were not well defined
• Mitigation actions were not stand-alone projects
• Mitigation actions were continued-compliance and/or maintenance focused
As such, for the 2010 HMP,the consultant, with input from the Planning Committee, developed
a handful of new mitigation actions based on the 2010 HMP's hazard analysis,vulnerability
analysis, and capability assessments. The list of potential mitigation actions in the 2010 HMP
was condensed so local participants would focus their attention and effort on projects that would
likely be implemented over the next 5 years (the lifespan of the 2010 HMP). Criteria considered
for the development of the new mitigation actions included the following:
• Mitigation action must be mitigation-focused (as opposed to response,recovery, and
preparedness-driven)
• Mitigation action must meet the 2011 HMA Unified Guidance project criteria eligibility
• Mitigation action must address the DMA 2000 requirements for the identification and
analysis of mitigation actions
• Mitigation actions must address the 2010 HMP vulnerability analysis results
In addition to the 20 potential mitigation actions developed for the local participants,the
consultant asked each local participant to review his/her 2005 HMP mitigation strategy with staff
from other relevant departments and agencies within his/her jurisdiction and reselect mitigation
actions and/or develop new mitigation actions specific to mitigating a hazard in his/her
jurisdiction.
As shown below, for each potential mitigation action,the following information is listed:
mitigation action description; mitigation action category; hazard(s) addressed;and type of
development affected by mitigation action. As noted above,the first 20 potential mitigation
actions were developed by the consultant and the Planning Committee. Additional mitigation
actions reselected and/or added by a local participant and supporting staff are located in his/her
local-participant-specific appendix(Appendix G through Appendix X).
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SECTIONSEVEN Mitigation Strategy
Table 7-2. Potential Mitigation Actions
No. Description Mitigation Category Hazard Addressed New or Existing Construction
1 Create a GIS-based pre-application review for new Property protection All New
construction and major remodels in hazard areas,such
levee break,high and/or very high danger wildfire areas.
2 Integrate the 2010 HMP,in particular the hazard analysis Property protection All New/existing
and mitigation strategy sections,into local planning
documents,including general plans,emergency
operations plans,and capital improvement plans.
3 Seismic structural retrofit of or replacement of County Property protection, Earthquakes Existing—County and local
and local ramps and bridges that are categorized as structural project ramps and bridges identified by
structurally deficient by Caltrans,are located in an Caltrans as structurally deficient
extreme ground shaking areas,and/or are necessary for or located within an extreme
first responders to use during an emergency. round shaking area.
4 Stabilize landslide-prone areas through stability Prevention,property Geologic(landslide and New/existing
improvement measures,including interceptor drains,in protection liquefaction)
situ soil piles,drained earth buttresses,and subdrains.
5 Acquire,relocate,or elevate residential structures,in Property protection Flooding(coastal and Existing—residential structures,
particular those that have been identified as RL riverine) including RL properties,within
properties,within the 100-year floodplain. the 100-year floodplain.
6 Acquire,relocate,elevate,and/or floodproof critical Property protection Flooding(coastal and Existing-critical facilities within
facilities within the 100-year floodplain. riverine) the 100-year floodplain.
7 Reinforce County and local ramps,bridges,and roads Property protection, Flooding(coastal and Existing—County and local
from flooding through protection activities,which may structural project riverine) ramps,bridges,and roads
include elevating the road and installing culverts beneath identified in the 100-year
the road or building a bridge across the area that floodplain.
experiences regular flooding.
8 Work with FEMA Region 9 to address any floodplain All Flooding(coastal and New/existing properties within
management issues that may have arisen/arise from the riverine) the County and cities.
countywide DFIRM,Community Assessment Visits,
and/or DWR.
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SECTIONSEVEN Mitigation Strategy
Table 7-2. Potential Mitigation Actions
No. Description Mitigation Category Hazard Addressed New or Existing Construction
9 Increase participation in the NFIP by entering the Prevention,property Flooding(coastal and New/existing—County and cities
Community Rating System program,which through protection riverine) that have RL properties.In
enhanced floodplain management activities would allow particular,residential structures
property owners to receive a discount on their flood and critical facilities within the
insurance. 100- ear flood lain.
10 Seismic non-structural and structural retrofit of critical Property protection Earthquake Existing—critical facilities and
facilities and infrastructure. infrastructure in areas that are
vulnerable to high to extreme
round
in g.
11 Manage vegetation in areas within and adjacent to rights- Prevention,property Severe winter storm Existing—critical facilities in
of-way and in close proximity to critical facilities to protection,natural (severe wind) areas that experience severe
reduce the risk of tree failure and property damage and resource protection wind.
avoid creation of wind acceleration corridors within
vegetated areas.
12 Develop a free annual tree chipping and tree pick-up day Property protection Severe winter storm Existing—residential buildings
that encourages residents living in very high and high (severe wind) that experience severe wind.
severe wind hazard areas to manage trees and shrubs at
risk of falling on nearby structures
13 Bolt down the roofs of critical facilities to prevent wind Property protection Severe winter storm Existing—critical facilities in
damage. (severe wind) areas that experience severe
wind.
14 Participate in the NOAA Tsunami Ready Program. Public outreach Tsunami New and existing—residential
buildings and critical facilities
and infrastructure in the tsunami
inundation area.
15 Implement better record keeping measures on the part of Prevention Agricultural biological Not applicable.
food processors and handlers
16 Implement a fuel reduction program,such as the Prevention,property Wildfire Existing—critical facilities and
collection and disposal of dead fuel,within open spaces protection,natural residential structures within an
and around critical facilities and residential structures resource protection SRA or LRA high or very high
within an SRA or LRA high or very high wildfire zone. wildfire zone.
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SECTIONSEVEN Mitigation Strategy
Table 7-2. Potential Mitigation Actions
No. Description Mitigation Category Hazard Addressed New or Existing Construction
17 Create a vegetation management program that provides Property Protection Wildfire Existing
vegetation management services to elderly,disabled,or
low-income property owners who lack the resources to
remove flammable vegetation around their homes.
18 Implement post-fire debris flow hillslope and channel Prevention,property Post-fire debris flow Existing
treatments,such as seeding,mulching,check dams,and protection
debris racks,as needed.
19 Encourage property owners in the dam or levee Property protection Flooding(levee and Existing
inundation hazard areas to purchase voluntary flood dam failure)
insurance.
20 Implement a fuel modification program,which includes Prevention,property Wildfire New/existing—focus should be
residential maintenance requirements and enforcement, protection on residential buildings in the
plan submittal and approval process, high and very high wildfire areas.
guidelines for planting,and a listing of undesirable plant
species.Require builders and developers to submit their
plans,complete with proposed fuel modification zones,to
the local fire department for review and approval before
beginning construction.
21 Local-participant-specific mitigation action*
22 Local-participant-specific mitigation action*
23 Local-participant-specific mitigation action*
24 Local-participant-specific mitigation action*
25 Local-participant-specific mitigation action*
*For local participants that reselected mitigation actions identified in their 2005 mitigation strategy or identified mitigation actions not itemized in Table 7-2.Applicable local-
participant-specific mitigation actions are shown in each local-participant-specific appendix(Appendix G through Appendix X).
DFIRM=Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map LRA=Local Responsibility Area
DWR=California Department of Water Resources NFIP=National Flood Insurance Program
FEMA=Federal Emergency Management Agency NOAA=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
GIS=Geographic Information System RL=repetitive loss
HMP=Hazard Mitigation Plan SRA=State Responsibility Area
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SEMINSEVEN mitigation Strategy
7.4 IMPLEMENTATION OF MITIGATION ACTIONS
The requirements for the evaluation and prioritization of mitigation actions, as stipulated in
DMA 2000 and its implementing regulations, are described below.
DMA 2000 REQUIREMENTS: MITIGATION STRATEGY
Implementation of Mitigation Actions
Requirement:§201.6(c)(3)(iii): [The mitigation strategy section shall include]an action plan describing how the
actions identified in section(c)(3)(ii)will be prioritized,implemented,and administered by the local jurisdiction.
Prioritization shall include a special emphasis on the extent to which benefits are maximized according to a cost
benefit review of the proposed projects and their associated costs.
Element
■ Does the new or updated mitigation strategy include how the actions are prioritized?(For example,is there a
discussion of the process and criteria used?)
■ Does the new or updated mitigation strategy address how the actions will be implemented and administered?
(For example,does it identify the responsible department,existing and potential resources,and timeframe?)
■ Does the new or updated prioritization process include an emphasis on the use of a cost-benefit review to
maximize benefits?
Source:FEMA 2008.
After the list of potential mitigation actions had been developed, each plan participant, along
with staff from other relevant departments/agencies within his/her jurisdiction,evaluated and
prioritized the potential mitigation actions to determine which mitigation actions would be
included in his/her local-participant-specific mitigation action plan. Only mitigation actions that
met at least four or more of prioritization criteria listed below was included in the mitigation
action plan. Criteria considered for this evaluation process included:
1. Current or potential support from the plan participant
2. Plan participant department or agency champion
3. Ability to be implemented during the 5-year lifespan of the HMP
4. Ability to reduce expected future damages and losses(cost-benefit)
5. Mitigates a high-risk hazard or multiple hazards
Each local participant's mitigation action plan is included in the local-participant-specific
appendix(Appendix G through Appendix X). Each mitigation action plan includes: a description
of each mitigation action; prioritization criteria selected(numbers 1-5, as shown above);
potential facility to be mitigated(if known); responsible department or agency; potential funding
source; and implementation timeframe.
7.5 IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF MITIGATION ACTIONS: NFIP
COMPLIANCE
The requirements for the identification and analysis of mitigation actions:NFIP compliance, as
stipulated in DMA 2000 and its implementing regulations, are described below.
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DMA 2000 REQUIREMENTS: MITIGATION STRATEGY
Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Actions:NFIP Compliance
Requirement§201.6(c)(3)(ii): [The mitigation strategy]must also address the jurisdiction's participation in the
National Flood Insurance Program and continued compliance with NFIP requirements,as appropriate.
Element
■ Does the new or updated plan describe the jurisdiction(s)participation in the NFIP?
■ Does the mitigation strategy identify,analyze,and prioritize actions related to continued compliance with the
NFIP.
Source:FEMA 2008.
As noted in Section 4.3.4, Ventura County and all of its cities participate in the NFIP. Table 4-3
lists the following for each NFIP participant: date of initially mapped FIRM; emergency/regular
NFIP entrance date; number of flood policies in force. As of September 2010, Ventura County
nor any of its cities are participants of the Community Rating System(CRS)program. The
VCWPD, which administers the NFIP for Ventura County, is currently seeking entrance into the
CRS program.
Mitigation actions#8 and#9 in Table 7-2 address the continued compliance with the NFIP.
These projects were analyzed and prioritized each NFIP participant in the local-participant-
specific mitigation action plan(Appendix G through Appendix X), as necessary.
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